A flexible work life such as telecommuting, is good for your health, researchers said. The

urs, or "Flextime", are catching on fast, and this trend is continuing. In 1973, over 500 organizations had adopted the idea, and by 1974, this number had risen to over 200,000. Flexible working hours were invented in Germany in the late 1960's, but reached Britain only in 1972. The system allows workers to start and finish work whenever they want, with only two requirements. These are, firstly, that all workers must be present for certain "key" times in day, and secondly, that all workers must work an agreed total number of hours per week.

The system has proved an almost total success whenever it has been tried. A survey of 700 workers on flexible hours showed three main advantages: a beer balance between working and private life, avoidance of the need to travel during rush hours and ability to be able to finish a certain task before leaving.

From the employer's point of view, the system tends to increase productivity, reduce labour turnover and give the workers a greater sense of duty.

Flexible working hours were firstly used by the ______.

A．British

B．Americans

C．Germans

D．Japanese

on for staying on the job was the nature of the work and job satisfaction. Coming in a close second was flexible schedule and work-life balance. Next was work environment and corporate culture, followed by advancement opportunity and personal growth. Salary and benefits were the least important. Is it unusual that salary comes in last on this list？ Not really. Salary and benefit do not usually make it into the top three reasons for job satisfaction on such surveys. Most people know they could make more money elsewhere, but it’s not enough to get them to leave a job they like. Advancement doesn’t rank at the top of the list, either. That’s probably because so many people think that moving up can make life on the job more unpleasant. The only thing one gets in return is more money.

So what creates job satisfaction？ One typical answer is “I like to be challenged.” People who say this like to work toward goals. They like new challenging assignments so that they can test their skills and creativity. Another typical answer is “I like to feel I’m making a contribution.” Many people get a sense of community when they are working with a group of co-workers toward a common goal. It is very important for them to have close, friendly relationships with co- workers, and they thrive when others praise their work and appreciate their efforts.

Finally, there are those who say “I get satisfaction from a job well done.” Such people love the technical work they do; they feel proud of the results of their efforts. These people have high standards of quality and work best when they have control over a project. They thrive when others know about the work they have done. Ultimately, the main reason people work is to earn money, but it is not money that gives them satisfaction. Offer employees something more, and you are likely to get more from them.

1）What’s the best title for the reading？()

A . Reasons for Staying with the Current Job

B . Survey of the Working Situations

C . A Job Survey of Employees’ Thinking

D . How Employees Think about Their Job

2）What is the most important reason for people to keep their currentjob？ ()

A . Flexible schedule and work-life balance.

B . The nature of the work and job satisfaction.

C . Work environment and corporate culture.

D . Advancement opportunity and personal growth.

3）Why is making more money not enough to make people leave a jobthey like？ ()

A . They like their current work environment.

B . They are not sure whether the employer will be nicer.

C . They don’t think money is important.

D . They think they probably won’t get job satisfaction.

4）What are the most important factors to make people feel happyabout a job？ ()

A . Meaningful but stress-free.

B . Flexible in life and work.

C . Challenging but feel contributed.

D . Technical and beneficial.

5）What’s the implication of this reading？ ()

A . Money is ultimately what makes people work.

B . High salary cannot make people feel happy about their job.

C . Only when you contribute to the work can you earn more money.

D . Job satisfaction will eventually bring you job success.

not usually make it into the top three reasons for job satisfaction on such surveys. Most people know they could make more money elsewhere, but it’s not enough to get them to leave a job they like. Advancement doesn’t rank at the top of the list, either. That’s probably because so many people think that moving up can make life on the job more unpleasant. The only thing one gets in return is more money.

So what creates job satisfaction？ One typical answer is “I like to be challenged.” People who say this like to work toward goals. They like new challenging assignments so that they can test their skills and creativity. Another typical answer is “I like to feel I’m making a contribution.” Many people get a sense of community when they are working with a group of co-workers toward a common goal. It is very important for them to have close, friendly relationships with co-workers, and they thrive when others praise their work and appreciate their efforts.

Finally, there are those who say “I get satisfaction from a job well done.” Such people love the technical work they do; they feel proud of the results of their efforts. These people have high standards of quality and work best when they have control over a project. They thrive when others know about the work they have done. Ultimately, the main reason people work is to earn money, but it is not money that gives them satisfaction. Offer employees something more, and you are likely to get more from them.

41)What’s the best title for the reading？（）

A . Reasons for Staying with the Current Job

B . Survey of the Working Situations

C . A Job Survey of Employees’ Thinking

D . How Employees Think about Their Job

42)What is the most important reason for people to keep their current job？（）

A . Flexible schedule and work-life balance.

B . The nature of the work and job satisfaction.

C . Work environment and corporate culture.

D . Advancement opportunity and personal growth.

43)Why is making more money not enough to make people leave a job they like？（）

A . They like their current work environment.

B . They are not sure whether the employer will be nicer.

C . They don’t think money is important.

D . They think they probably won’t get job satisfaction.

44)What are the most important factors to make people feel happy about a job？（）

A . Meaningful but stress-free.

B . Flexible in life and work.

C . Challenging but feel contributed.

D . Technical and beneficial.

45)What’s the implication of this reading？（）

A . Money is ultimately what makes people work.

B . High salary cannot make people feel happy about their job.

C . Only when you contribute to the work can you earn more money.

D . Job satisfaction will eventually bring you job success.

A.changeable

B.flexible

C.moveable

D.casual

A.taken

B.allowed

C.achieved

D.formed

A.view

B.thinking

C.point of view

D.work scope

A.taken

B.achieved

C.allowed

D.formed

A．They come back to work because they can work around the children’s school hours．

B．Even with the bulk of childcare,they can’t enjoy more flexible working hours．

C．They are expected to take the childcare as well as the support of a family．

D．They can’t get the employment because they want a shorter contract．

What structural issues might arise in managing employees 'flexible work arrangements？ Think about what you've leaned about organizational design, How might that information help a manager address those issues？