Staying happy and enjoying life appear to be the key to （) healthy in old age.

It can be inferred from the text that most unhappily married adults __（）

[A] should divorce in no more than 5 years

[B] prefer to stay together for another 5 years

[C] feel happy after staying together for another 5 years

[D] become much happier after divorce

until it turns around just might do, a new study says.

The research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled(选出) from a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results contradict what seems to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute for American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the "Smart Marriage" conference, sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education.

The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample were analyzed through 13 measures of psychological well-being. Within the five years, 167 of the unhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayed married.

Divorce didn't reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase a sense of mastery compared with those who stayed married, the report says. Results were controlled for factors including race, age, gender and income. Staying married did not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappy married turn things around？ To supplement the formal study data, the research team asked professional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were "marriage survivors". All had moved from unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felt their unions got better via one of three routes, the report says:

Marital endurance. "With time, job situations improved, children got older or better, or chronic ongoing problems got put into new perspective." Partners did not work on their marriages.

Marital work. Spouses actively worked "to solve problems, change behavior. or improve communication".

Personal change. Partners found "alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build a good and happy life despite a mediocre marriage." In effect, the unhappy partner changed.

According to David Blankenhorn, people commonly believe that ______.

A．divorce is a better solution to an unhappy marriage than staying together

B．divorce is not necessarily the only solution to an unhappy marriage

C．keeping an unhappy marriage needs much courage and endurance

D．to end an unhappy marriage or net is a tough decision for the spouses

ave a comfortable house near the sea.

During the winter they would be quite happy, but every summer a lot of their relatives used to spend holiday in their house, and it was much cheaper than staying in hotel. Finally one day in June Mr. Richards complained to a clever friend of his who lived in the same place. “One of my wife’s cousins is going to bring her husband and children and spend ten days with us next month again. How have you prevented all your relatives from coming to live with you in summer？” “Oh,” the friend answered, “that is not difficult. I just borrow money from all the rich ones, and lend it to all the poor ones. After that, they seldom come again.” Hearing this Mr. Richards smiled.

第40题：The relatives preferred to stay in Mr. Richards’ house because ________.

[A] it was cool in summer

[B] they might spend less money

[C] they were more welcome

[D] it was a comfortable place

Living in Brazil (巴西)and Switzerland

Moving to a different city may seem difficult.You have to change schools and get used to your new home.But you can always go back to that city to visit.When you move to another country, things are different.However, difficult as it may be, the experience can be rewarding.

My dad, a Brazilian, is really funny and can make friends quickly.My mom, a Swiss, is usually quiet and a bit shy.She likes to be organized, but my dad never makes plans.She enjoys staying home, but my dad always wants to go out.Swiss and Brazilian---what a mix!

After my parents got married, they moved to Switzerlan

D.There they had my brother and me.When I was two, we moved to Brazil.During my childhood we visited Switzerland every year.

Many people ask me where I prefer to live: Brazil or Switzerlan

D.It’s really hard to answer because I love both countries.Brazil is a big country with many states and people.There are multiple dialects and many types of foods.People here have beautiful smiles and are always happy, even if they are poor.In the south the climate is cool, but in the north it’s hot and humi

D.

Switzerland, on the other hand, is small but beautiful and clean.There are four languages in that tiny country.People there are very different from Brazilians: they are wealthy, independent, and organize

D.The food is delicious, and of course, the famous Swiss chocolate is great, and the climate is dry and cool.

I love both countries.In Switzerland, it's pleasant, calm, and peaceful everywhere.I enjoyed my stay there very much.But now I am happy here in Brazil, I feel excited and at home.

11.The author’s parents______

A.share similar interests

B.have different jobs

C.have different personalities

D.enjoy reading books

12.When the author was a child, the family used to______.

A.have many good friends

B.move between the two countries

C.speak two dialects

D.visit Brazil from time to time

13.The author thinks Brazilians are______,

A.organized

B.independent

C.indifferent

D.optimistic

14.According to the text, Switzerland_______.

A.is famous for its chocolate

B.has many big cities

C.has a lot in common with Brazil

D.is hot and humid

15.According to the author, living in two different cultures is a(n)_______.

A.appealing idea

B.difficult decision

C.expensive choice

D.pleasant experience

Living in Brazil （巴西)and SwitzerlandMoving to a different city may seem difficult. You

Living in Brazil (巴西)and Switzerland

Moving to a different city may seem difficult. You have to change schools and get used to your new home. But you can always go back to that city to visit. When you move to another country, things are different. However, difficult as it may be, the experience can be rewarding.

My dad, a Brazilian, is really funny and can make friends quickly. My mom, a Swiss, is usually quiet and a bit shy. She likes to be organized， But my dad never makes plans. She enjoys staying home, but my dad always wants to go out. Swiss and Brazilian一what a mix!

After my parents got married, they moved to Switzerland. There they had my brother and me. When I was two, we moved to Brazil. During my childhood we visited Switzerland every year.

Many people ask me where I prefer to live: Brazil or Switzerland. It's really hard to answer because I love both countries. Brazil is a big country with many states and people. There are multiple dialects and many types of foods. People here have beautiful smiles and are always happy, even if they are poor. In the south the climate is cool, but in the north It's hot and humid.

Switzerland, on the other hand, is small but beautiful and clean. There are four languages in that tiny country. People there are very different from Brazilians: they are wealthy, independent, and organized. The food is delicious, and of course, the famous Swiss chocolate is great, and the climate is dry and cool.

I love both countries. In Switzerland, it's pleasant, calm, and peaceful everywhere. I enjoyed my stay there very much. But now I am happy here in Brazil. I feel excited and at home.

11. The author's parents___.

A. share similar interests

B. have different jobs

C. have different personalities

D. enjoy reading books

12.When the author was a child, the family used to___.

A. have many good friends

B. move between the two countries

C. speak two dialects

D. visit Brazil from time to time

13.The author thinks Brazilians are___.

A. organized

B. independent

C. indifferent

D. optimistic

14. According to the text, Switzerland___.

A is famous for its chocolate

B. has many big cities

C. has a lot in common with Brazil

D. is hot and humid

15. According to the author, living in two different cultures is a(n)___.

A. appealing idea

B. difficult decision

C. expensive choice

D. pleasant experience

students on important things in life and about 36 ourselves to what is important to us.This is how the story went:

An old man lived in a certain part of London, and he would wake up every morning and go to the 37He would get the train right to Central London, and then sit at the street comer and 38 .He would do this every single day of his life.He sat at the same street comer and begged for almost 20 years.

His house was dirty, and a stench came out of the house and it smelled 39 .The neighbors could not 40 the smell anymore, so they called the police officers to 41 the place.The officers 42 down the door and cleaned the house.There were small bags of 43 all over the house that he had 44 over the years.

The police counted the money, and they soon realized that the old man was a 45 .They waited outside his house in anticipation (预料) to 46 the good news with him.When he arrived home that evening, he was met by one of the officers who told him that there was no 47 for him to beg any more as he was a rich man now, a millionaire.

He said 48 at all; he went into his house and locked the door.The next morning he woke up as usual, went to the street and continued to beg.

49 , this old man had no great plans, dreams or anything 50 for his life.We learn nothing from this story other than staying 51 the things we enjoy doing: commitment(信奉).

We should remain true to our course, which may mean devoting yourselves to things that people around you would 52 disapprove of.Let nothing distract us from being happy, let nothing else determine our fate, but 53.

What makes us happy is 54 matters in the end…not what we acquire (获得).

This particular story is one such lesson that I will never forget.Every time I don't concentrate on course, I get reminded 55 this story.

36.A.attracting

B.agreeing

C.believing

D.devoting

37.A.street

B.factory

C.subway

D.airport

38.A.beg

B.wait

C.attempt

D.evaluate

39.A.pleasant

B.horrible

C.endless

D.serious

40.A.explain

B.forget

C.judge

D.tolerate

41.A.clear

B.remove

C.control

D.inspect

42.A.put

B.took

C.knocked

D.cut

43.A.rubbish

B.money

C.waste

D.food

44.A.managed

B.stole

C.arranged

D.collected

45.A.millionaire

B.gentleman

C.boss

D.gift

46.A.satisfy

B.share

C.believe

D.report

47.A.need

B.doubt

C.chance

D.result

48.A.something

B.anything

C.everything

D.nothing

49.A.Clearly

B.Actually

C.Surprisingly

D.Suddenly

50.A.fortunate

B.possible

C.significant

D.worth

51.A.acted out

B.called on

C.turned to

D.focused on

52.A.normally

B.crazily

C.finally

D.completely

53.A.others

B.the others

C.ourselves

D.some

54.A.when

B.that

C.what

D.which

55.A.with

B.of

C.on

D.from

not usually make it into the top three reasons for job satisfaction on such surveys. Most people know they could make more money elsewhere, but it’s not enough to get them to leave a job they like. Advancement doesn’t rank at the top of the list, either. That’s probably because so many people think that moving up can make life on the job more unpleasant. The only thing one gets in return is more money.

So what creates job satisfaction？ One typical answer is “I like to be challenged.” People who say this like to work toward goals. They like new challenging assignments so that they can test their skills and creativity. Another typical answer is “I like to feel I’m making a contribution.” Many people get a sense of community when they are working with a group of co-workers toward a common goal. It is very important for them to have close, friendly relationships with co-workers, and they thrive when others praise their work and appreciate their efforts.

Finally, there are those who say “I get satisfaction from a job well done.” Such people love the technical work they do; they feel proud of the results of their efforts. These people have high standards of quality and work best when they have control over a project. They thrive when others know about the work they have done. Ultimately, the main reason people work is to earn money, but it is not money that gives them satisfaction. Offer employees something more, and you are likely to get more from them.

41)What’s the best title for the reading？（）

A . Reasons for Staying with the Current Job

B . Survey of the Working Situations

C . A Job Survey of Employees’ Thinking

D . How Employees Think about Their Job

42)What is the most important reason for people to keep their current job？（）

A . Flexible schedule and work-life balance.

B . The nature of the work and job satisfaction.

C . Work environment and corporate culture.

D . Advancement opportunity and personal growth.

43)Why is making more money not enough to make people leave a job they like？（）

A . They like their current work environment.

B . They are not sure whether the employer will be nicer.

C . They don’t think money is important.

D . They think they probably won’t get job satisfaction.

44)What are the most important factors to make people feel happy about a job？（）

A . Meaningful but stress-free.

B . Flexible in life and work.

C . Challenging but feel contributed.

D . Technical and beneficial.

45)What’s the implication of this reading？（）

A . Money is ultimately what makes people work.

B . High salary cannot make people feel happy about their job.

C . Only when you contribute to the work can you earn more money.

D . Job satisfaction will eventually bring you job success.

on for staying on the job was the nature of the work and job satisfaction. Coming in a close second was flexible schedule and work-life balance. Next was work environment and corporate culture, followed by advancement opportunity and personal growth. Salary and benefits were the least important. Is it unusual that salary comes in last on this list？ Not really. Salary and benefit do not usually make it into the top three reasons for job satisfaction on such surveys. Most people know they could make more money elsewhere, but it’s not enough to get them to leave a job they like. Advancement doesn’t rank at the top of the list, either. That’s probably because so many people think that moving up can make life on the job more unpleasant. The only thing one gets in return is more money.

So what creates job satisfaction？ One typical answer is “I like to be challenged.” People who say this like to work toward goals. They like new challenging assignments so that they can test their skills and creativity. Another typical answer is “I like to feel I’m making a contribution.” Many people get a sense of community when they are working with a group of co-workers toward a common goal. It is very important for them to have close, friendly relationships with co- workers, and they thrive when others praise their work and appreciate their efforts.

Finally, there are those who say “I get satisfaction from a job well done.” Such people love the technical work they do; they feel proud of the results of their efforts. These people have high standards of quality and work best when they have control over a project. They thrive when others know about the work they have done. Ultimately, the main reason people work is to earn money, but it is not money that gives them satisfaction. Offer employees something more, and you are likely to get more from them.

1）What’s the best title for the reading？()

A . Reasons for Staying with the Current Job

B . Survey of the Working Situations

C . A Job Survey of Employees’ Thinking

D . How Employees Think about Their Job

2）What is the most important reason for people to keep their currentjob？ ()

A . Flexible schedule and work-life balance.

B . The nature of the work and job satisfaction.

C . Work environment and corporate culture.

D . Advancement opportunity and personal growth.

3）Why is making more money not enough to make people leave a jobthey like？ ()

A . They like their current work environment.

B . They are not sure whether the employer will be nicer.

C . They don’t think money is important.

D . They think they probably won’t get job satisfaction.

4）What are the most important factors to make people feel happyabout a job？ ()

A . Meaningful but stress-free.

B . Flexible in life and work.

C . Challenging but feel contributed.

D . Technical and beneficial.

5）What’s the implication of this reading？ ()

A . Money is ultimately what makes people work.

B . High salary cannot make people feel happy about their job.

C . Only when you contribute to the work can you earn more money.

D . Job satisfaction will eventually bring you job success.

Questionsare based on the following passage．

Workers with skills in science， technology， engineering， and mathematics （STEM） are among the mmost in demand and highest paid．They are seen as key drivers of problem-solving and economic growth， who will help shape the future．And most of them are men．Nadya Fouad， a professor of educational psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee， and her colleagues surveyed more than 5，000 women who had graduated from some of the top universities with engineering degrees over the past six decades．They found that 40 percent had either quit the field or never entered the profession in the first place．For more than two decades， women have accounted for about 20 percent of all engineering degrees．Yet fewer than 11 percent of all engineers are women．For the most part， Fouad found that what really pushed women out were uncivil workplace climates， the expectation to put in long hours of face time in the office， and the feeling that there was little opportunity to advance．Of the women who left the field less than five years ago， two-thirds pursued better opportunities in other fields——72 percent became either managers or executives．One-third said they stayed home with children because their companies didn"t settle work-life conflicts．

It is not about making the women more confident or anything．It"s really about the climate in the workplace， Fouad said．Even women who are staying consider leaving because they don"t have superior support．They don"t have training and development opportunities．And their colleagues are not civil to them， look down upon them， or talk behind their backs．The fmdings add weight and context to previous looks at why more women don"t go into or don"t stay in STEM fields．The previous studies tend

to explain that women aren"t "naturally" smart enough， and that these are careers for men．Furthermore， Fouad makes recommendations to create a good work environment．The problem should be recognized that women aren"t leaving just because they want to spend time with their children．They"re leaving because of the difficult workplace climate and lack of opportunity to advance．The company， starting from the managers， is supposed to invest in professional training which is beneficial to the women"s development and advance．

It is commonly believed that STEM workers__________． 查看材料

A.receive less salary compared with their skills

B.are helpful to promote economic development

C.are more than in demand

D.resolve driving problems