A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Al

The decisive steps that have turned London into one of the【C9】______cities in the world【C10】______taken at the end of the 1950s. But Londoners still【C11】______that fog【C12】______returns. The change took place as a result of two main improvements. Factories are compelled to install clean equipment【C13】______close down, and private householders were not allowed to【C14】______coal unless it was smoke-free. But the【C15】______ecological miracle in London occurred【C16】______1964 onwards when the Thames Water Authority began to pump vast【C17】______of dissolved oxygen into the river.【C18】______, all the species of fish that had gradually disappeared from the Thames【C19】______1, 800 have returned. Some are even caught by fishermen【C20】______the House of Parliament.

【C1】

A．look forward

B．mange

C．wish

D．expect

The American love of sports (11) to a pitch never before known. (12) the middle of the century we were practically without sports and even until some fifteen years ago there (13) very little enthusiasm aroused by sports (14) the fever that has within the past decade and a half swept over the country.

(15) the passionate fervor has been increasing，and the coming season promises to be the most enthusiastic of all.

(16) England the Romans brought their sports；then the Saxons and the Normans added others，and there were football matches and archery games.

In 1618 King James I issued a book of sports stating what sports were (17) after church service on Sundays；but intense anger was (18) among those who strictly observed the principles of the Bible，and in 1644 the Long Parliament ordered the book (19) by the public executioner，and all sports forbidden or strongly (20) .

A. have raised

B. has raised

C. have risen

D. has risen

High in the Swiss Alps many years ago, there lived a lonely shepherd(牧羊人)boy who longed for a friend to share his evenings.One night he saw three old men, each holding a glass.

The first old man said：“Drink this liquid and you shall be victorious in battle.”

The second old man said：“Drink this liquid and you shall have countless riches.”

The last old man said：“I offer you the happiness of floated across the valley. He had found a friend.

So goes the legend(传说) of the horn. First known in the ninth century, the horn was used by herdsmen to call cattle, for its deep tones echoed across the mountainsides. Even today, on a quiet summer evening, its music can be heard floating among the peaks.

6.The passage tells us his lonely job about the shepherd boy.

A.T

B.F

7.The boy choose to drink the glass offered by the last old man because the boy was thirsty.

A.T

B.F

8.After the shepherd boy found the horn, he discovered it was like a new-found friend.

A.T

B.F

9.Today the horn is heard in the Swiss Alps when it rains.

A.T

B.F

10.The Legend of the Horn would be the best title for the passage.

A.T

B.F

For example, it is recorded in many history books the people who lived over three thousand years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve the dead.

In some periods of history, a person who stole salt was thought to have broken the law. Take the eighteenth century for an example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he would be thrown into prison. History also records that only in England about ten thousand people were put into prison during that century for stealing salt! About one hundred and fifty years ago, in the year 1553, if a man took more than his share of salt, he would be thought to have broken the law and would be seriously punished. The offender' s ear was cut off.

Salt was an important item on the dinner table of a king. It was always placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat. Important guests at the king' s table were seated near the salt. Less important guests were given seats farther away from it.

Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used ______.

A．to punish people who had broken the law

B．to keep dead bodies from decay

C．to keep fish alive

D．to make chemicals

Early studies of the economic convergence hypothesis， looking at data for a group of currently industrialized countries， found that those that were relatively poor a century ago subsequently grew more quickly. Is it valid to infer from this finding that the convergence hypothesis is valid？

Part B

Directions: In the following ankle, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I .

If the 20th century has been the American century, then there are plenty of people saying watch this space: the twenty first century will be different. The distinguishing characteristic of the post-cold-war world is that there is only one super power. 41) _______________.

The military muscle-flexing we have seen from China over the last few years could be an indication of how things are likely to go, although it has to be said that to many people's surprise the Chinese have been quite constructive over East Timor. But I think we must assume that the main struggle in the 21st century will be with China, already the world's largest nation. Happily, the Chinese seem to have no global pretensions. One can't see them interfering in some far-distant conflict, and in both military and economic terms they are still light years behind America.

42) _______________.

Europe is already the largest trading block in the world, 43) _______________. . It' s worth remembering that while Europe spends 60 per cent of what the USA does in defence, it has only 10 per cent of the Americans' firepower.

In the Middle East, in a relatively short space of time, bubbling conflicts have moved closer to resolution. The Arab Israeli dispute has been reduced to its core essentials, while agreement between Syria and Israel remains the strategic prize for peace. Iran is undergoing a slow transformation but the outstanding political issue here is Iraq and Saddam Hussein's extraordinary survival. The international community remains bitterly divided about what to do.

Africa, I fear, is going to remain a disaster area, simply because it does not figure on people's mental maps. Currently there is war raging in six countries around the Congo, yet there's very little sense the international community will do anything about it. There is, though, some good news. If you look back a year ago to Algeria, it was drowning in its own blood. Now it seems to be back on the right track.

44) _______________. For many years the non-proliferation regime actually worked surprisingly well, but India and Pakistan going nuclear has been a great blow to the status quo. And now there are new biological and chemical weapons—undreamed-of horrors—not to mention the whole legacy of the cold war which hasn't been cleaned up, such as Russian nuclear waste in the Arctic.

The fundamental problem is that there are countries that are simply being left behind by the onward march of globalization. Global issues such as the environment and drugs—and perhaps even human rights—are going to come much more to the fore. 45) _______________.

[A] It is called to be an economic giant, especially when the euro has been issued.

[B] but while the euro could help it become an economic giant, and even challenge the dollar, it looks likely to re main a political and military pygmy.

[C] And there's only one candidate on the horizon to challenge the US—China.

[D] As the world shrinks, so we shall have an increasing sense of the need for an international humanitarian order. Globalization may be a good thing, but it has a dark underbelly.

[E] Russia is a powerful country which owns military superiority

[F] We must also assume the continued decline of Russia. It shows how far things have gone (and how quickly) when what was once the second most powerful country in the world is being battered by Islamic rebels from the Caucasus. Now we have a Russian state which simply cannot cope.

[G] I do think arms control will be a big item on the agenda in future.

41._______________

There's no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for afastgrowing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.

I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are thesame that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers' demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows, the world's wealth increases.

Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could recreate the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies, such as World Com, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing — witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan — but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.

Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created？ Won't multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about infringements to fair competition？ And should one country take upon itself the role of “defending competition" on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs. Microsoft case？

第63题：What is the typical trend of businesses today？

A to take in more foreign funds

B to invest more abroad

C to combine and become bigger

D to trade with more countries

A week ago, I sent him a statement()the amount overdue.

A.show

B. showing

C. showed

The World of the Flat-footed Fly

George Poinar has been fascinated by amber, and the insects embedded in it, since childhood. Now a professor of entomology at the Berkeley Campus of the University of California, he has successfully combined these interests to produce Life in Amber, a scholarly and yet very readable book. In it he tells the story of this curious, almost magical substance and the unique record of fossilized life that became trapped and entombed in the sticky resin as it oozed from the forest trees of the ancient past.

Amber has been endowed with special worth from prehistoric times, Adornments of amber have been found that date back as far as 35,000 BC, and in 1701, King Frederick I of Prussia commissioned an entire room made of amber as a gift for Peter the Great of Russia. Historically that probably represented the peak of value for amber. Since then our appreciation of it as a decorative material worth its weight in gold has declined somewhat. In Victorian times amber beads had something of a renaissance as an adornment. It now holds greater value as a potential store of fossil DNA.

Scientific interest in amber has also fluctuated. The embedded small organisms, particularly insects but also frogs and feathers, have always been part of amber's allure. In the first century AD, Pliny noted that amber was the discharge of a pine-like tree, originated in the north and often contained small insects. It was not until the 19th century that collection of the amber flora and fauna really got under way. The largest hoard was of Baltic origin, amassed by Wilhelm Stantien, an innkeeper, and Moritz Becker, a merchant. They took their collecting seriously and used mining techniques to extract pieces of amber from clays of Tertiary age that had formed during the Eocene, 38 million years ago, in the Samland peninsula, near Kaliningrad (the former Kbnigsberg) on the Russian Baltic seaboard. Their efforts resulted in about 120,000 amber-embedded animal and plant fossils. These were housed in the Geological Institute Museum at Kbnigsberg University. Unfortunately, despite being dispersed for safety during the Second World War much of this amazing collection was lost.

Although the depth of this unique view of the insect life in Baltic forests of Eocene age is sadly no longer available in a single collection, we can see something of it. There are still large collections of Baltic amber in public museums around the world but even in total they do not amount to much more than that one unrepeatable collection. The Natural History Museum in London has a "mere" 25,000 specimens.

Popular misconceptions about amber exist; for example, suggesting that it is the fossilized resin of coniferous trees from the Baltic region, and that its abundance is the result of some unusual condition of these ancient trees. It is true that an astonishing amount of amber has been recovered from this region. However, the most likely candidate to have produced the Baltic amber is an araucariacean tree similar to the living Agathis from New Zealand, which secretes resin. This could well accumulate in this order of magnitude, given the geological time scale of hundreds of thousands, if not million of years. And, as Poinar discusses, the Baltic region was only one of many different areas, on a worldwide scale, from the Dominican Republic, which is his own favourite hunting ground, to China and Romania, that produced amber in Tertiary times. Furthermore, amber resin producing trees are shown to have an extended geological history extending back to Cretaceous times, more than 100 million years ago and possibly as far back as the Carboniferous (more than 300 million years ago ). Many of these older ambers have not been rigorously investigated with modem techniques but Poinar has collected all the available published knowledge on their biological content.

&n

A．Y

B．N

C．NG