题目
A.14th, 15th, and 16th centuries
B.15th, 16th, and 17th centuries
C.16th, 17th, and 18th centuries
D.17th, 18th, and 19th centuries请帮忙给出正确答案和分析,谢谢!
第1题
A.M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American history
B.M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boom
C.M Bush's approval ratings are still high
D.M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign
第2题
第3题
【原文】
Ladies and Gentlemen, during my stay here for 5 years, I have noticed many culturaldifferences. Such cultural differences arise from a difference in region, race, history,environment and in the levels of social and economic development.//
Here are some examples. We American emphasize efficiency, competition and originality,while your management gives priority to careful planning and encourages close cooperation.//
In American schools, discussion is given top priority and seminar is the usual way of class.Teachers with flexible and adaptable talents are regarded as good and popular ones.//
But Chinese teachers like to lecture in class, and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations;they spend long hours planning and preparing lessons, and writing consistent andstandardized plans. It&39;s very interesting to us.
第4题
The most fundamental group to which a person belongs is the family. The institution of the family exists in almost every human culture. It is considered by behavioral scientists to be one of the oldest institutions in human history.
The family unit serves many important functions. The performance of these functions is he reason for the family's importance. Above all , the family serves as a mechanism of species survival (生存,幸存) .
Families also have important economic functions. In primitive societies, the tasks of gathering food and providing shelter were divided among family members. Today, both husband and wife may work and share the duties of homemaking and child rearing.
In addition to its survival and economic functions, the family gives its members social status. In many societies, a person is not considered a complete member until he has married and produced children. Finally, the family helps to meet the basic emotional needs of a person through the love and support received from parents, siblings (兄弟姐妹), and relatives.
21. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? ____________.
A. The family has changed greatly over time
B. Many of the functions of the family today are being performed by government agencles
C. The most important role for the family is to gather food
D. The family has served many useful functions throughout history
22. According to the passage, which of the following is an example of the role of the family in giving status?____________.
A. A child is taught to respect his elders
B. A couple work for several years to save for the purchase of a home
C. A politician makes a campaign commercial with his family
D. A mother comforts a child after he skins his knees
23. It can be concluded from the passage that the family is ____________.
A. undergoing many changes
B. the only useful social institution
C. likely to exist in future societies
D. not the same today as it was in the past
24. As it is used in the second paragraph of the passage, the word "mechanism" means ____________.
A. parts of an organism or system which work together
B. racial group united by language, religion, custom, etc.
C. the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole
D. a worker skilled in using or repairing machines or tools
25. Based on the information in the passage, you can infer that the passage is 一一一一一一·
A. about the family's mechanism of species survival
B. about the social, economic, and emotional usefulness of family throughout human history
C. about duties of the family shared by both husband and wife
D. about the emotional needs received from parents, siblings, and relations
第5题
Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literacy became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literacy became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world—usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance,* and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being.
What do we learn from the first paragraph?______
A.It is fairly easy to determine literacy
B.There is no illiteracy in a rich country
C.History sees an even progress towards literacy
D.In history literacy suffers ups and downs
第6题
Understanding this transition requires a look at the two- sided connection between energy and human well-being. Energy contributes positively to well-being by providing such consumer services as heating and lighting as well as serving as a necessary input to economic production. But the costs of energy—including not only the money and other resources devoted to obtaining and exploiting it, but also environmental and sociopolitical impacts—detract from well-being.
For most of human history, the dominant concerns about energy have centered on the benefitside of the energy-well-being equation. Inadequacy of energy resources or more often of the technologies and organizations for harvesting, converting,and distributing those resources has meant insufficient energy benefits and hence inconvenience,deprivation and constraints on growth. The 1970's, then, represented a turning point. After decades of constancy or decline in monetary costs—and of relegation of environmental and sociopolitical costs to secondary status—energy was seen to be getting costlier in all respects. It began to be probable that excessive energy costs could pose threats on insufficient supply. It also became possible to think that expanding some forms of energy supply could create costs exceeding the benefits.
第7题
In 1870, homes and mules were the prime source of power on U.S. farms. One horse or many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic mm of mind. Had they been "economists", they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?
A.Older technologies die away.
B.The quality of life is improved.
C.Overall productivity increases.
D.More raw materials become necessary.
第8题
In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain why China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern times. It is probable that the answer isto be found in the social and economic history of, where a static society under a relatively benevolent regime of scholar-gentry contrasts with the potentially revolutionary and dynamic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to catch up with the West again, and there is little doubt that the gap is being reduced year by year. But willavoid the West's mistakes?
76.So far, how many volumes have been published_____
A.Five.
B.Four.
C.Three.
D.None.
77.The first volume was published ___.
A.ten years ago
B.last year
C.five years ago
D.twenty years ago
78.Theunderlinedword “skeptical" means_____
A.doubtful
B.worried
C.sad
D.angry
79.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage_____
A.Gunpowder.
B.Needle.
C.Paddle boats.
D.Bridge design.
80.The best title for this passage is____.
A.China's Inventions
B.Comparisons Between the East and the West
C.China Is Catching Up
D.Situations in China
第9题
The West begun to take more notice of the East. (西方国家开始越来越关注东方国家)The fifth volume of an enormous work re-assessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, which was published twenty years ago, set the tone for the whole work. In it, evidence was given to show that many inventions which, until then, western historians had claimed for Europe, were made first in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received without protest by some reputable historians. However, the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were skeptical at first. China's invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder has never been disputed, but this new history has added advanced bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddle boats and many other inventions to the list.
In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain why China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern times. It is probable that the answer is to be found in the social and economic history of China, where a static society under a relatively benevolent regime (仁慈的政体) of scholar-gentry (学者绅士) contrasts with the potentially revolutionary and dynamic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to catch up with the West again, and there is little doubt that the gap is being reduced year by year. But will China avoid the West's mistakes?
1.How many volumes have been published so far?
A.Five.
B.Four.
C.Three.
D.None.
2.What is special about the first volume?
A.It introduces the world intellectual history.
B.It introduces the history of Europe.
C.It demonstrates that the Chinese made many inventions.
D.It explains why China lags behind the west in science and technology.
3.In the first paragraph, the word “skeptical" means ______.
A.doubtful
B.worried
C.sad
D.angry
4.Which of the following inventions in NOT made by the Chinese?
A.Gunpowder.
B.Motor cars.
C.Paddle boats.
D.Bridge design.
5.The best title for this passage is ______.
A.Development of Science and Technology in China
B.Comparisons Between the East and the West
C.China Is Catching Up
D.China's Inventions
第10题
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