Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may bum out or.become depr

听力原文： When people care for an elderly relative, they often do not use available community services such as adult daycare centers. If the caregivers are adult children, they are more likely to use such services, especially because they often have jobs and other responsibilities. In contrast, a spouse usually the wife, is much less likely to use support services or to put the dependent person in a nursing home. Social workers discover that the wife normally tries to take care of her husband herself for as long as she can in order not to use up their life savings. Researchers have found that caring for the elderly can be a very positive experience. The elderly appreciated the care and attention they received. They were affectionate and cooperative. However, even when care-giving is satisfying, it is hard work. Social workers and experts on aging offer caregivers and potential caregivers help when arranging for the care of an elderly relative. One consideration is to ask parents what they want before they become sick or dependent. Perhaps they prefer going into a nursing home and can select one in advance. On the other hand, they may want to live with their adult children. Caregivers must also learn to state their needs and opinions clearly and ask for help from others especially brothers and sisters. Brothers and sisters are often willing to help, but they may not know what to do.

Questions:

29. Why are adult children more likely to use community services to help care for elderly parents？

30. Why are most wives unwilling to put their dependent husbands into nursing homes？

31. According to the passage，what must caregivers learn to do？

(30)

A．They think they should follow the current trend.

B．Nursing homes are well-equipped and convenient.

C．Adult day-care centers are easily accessible.

D．They have jobs and other commitments.

While baby-sitting, a girl student should NOT__________ .

A． call the baby's parents

B． make personal calls for a long time

C． be allowed to watch TV

D． think of her studies

A.recover

B.regain

C.restore

A.A.syndrome

B.B.synthesis

C.C.hierarchy

D.D.hypothesis

f them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.

Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant

This is not necessarily a new trend , but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms , than they did in 1990 . Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center's expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.

So who's to blame for higher childcare costs？

Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulation s, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up . In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infant s, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infant s, the price of care averaged less than $5,000 .

Unfortunately, I don't have all the daycare-center regulations handy. elaborate , prices have risen . The trade off But certainly, it doesn't seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South .

56. What problem do parents of small kids have to face？

A) The ever-rising childcare prices.

B) The budgeting of family expenses.

C) The balance between work and family.

D) The selection of a good daycare center.

57. What does the author feel puzzled about？

A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.

B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.

C) Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.

D) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professionals in a number of states.

58. What prevents childcare centers from saving money ？

A) Steady increase in labor costs.

B) Strict government regulations.

C) Lack of support from the state.

D) High administrative expenses.

59. Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts ？

A) The overall quality of service is not as good.

B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.

C)Living expenses there are comparatively low.

D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.

60. What is the author’s view on daycare service ？

A)Caregivers should receive regular professional training.

B) Less elaborate rules about children might lower costs.

C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.

D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.

Due to the increasing aging population in China, demand()the caregivers will continue to rise.

A. with

B. of

C. for

ment outcomes.【C1】______ the significant influence of culture upon health and related outcomes, health care【C2】______ should be culturally competent in order to provide【C3】______ health care to patients. Cultural competency means considering many options and being more careful about making judgements.【C4】______, scars and bruises that suggest abuse in western culture could【C5】______ be symbols of accepted healing methods or sacred rituals.【C6】______, different parts of the body are considered sacred in different cultures. Cultural competency in healthcare【C7】______ four major challenges for providers. The first is the straightforward challenge of recognizing clinical【C8】______ among people of different ethnic and racial groups, e.g., higher【C9】______ of hypertension in African Americans and【C10】______ diabetes in certain Native American groups. The second, and far more complicated, challenge is【C11】______. This deals with everything from the need for interpreters to nuances of words in various languages. Many patients, even in western cultures, are【C12】______ to talk with their doctors about【C13】______ personal matters as sexual activity or chemical use. How do we overcome this【C14】______ among more restricted cultures？ The third challenge is ethics.【C15】______ western medicine is among the best in the world, we do not have all the【C16】______. Respect for the belief systems of【C17】______ and the effects of those beliefs on well-being are critically important to competent care. The final challenge involves【C18】______. For some patients, authority figures are immediately mistrusted,【C19】______ for good reason. Having seen or been victims of atrocities at the hands of authorities in their homelands, many people are as【C20】______ of caregivers themselves as they are of the care.

【C1】

A．Because of

B．Due to

C．Thanks to

D．In regard to

You have a domain controller named Server1 that runs Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 2 (SP2).You start Server1 in Directory Services Restore Mode and attempt to log on by using the usernameadministrator and a password of Pa$$w0rd. The logon attempt fails.You restart Server1 normally and successfully log on to the server by using the username administratorand a password of Pa$$word.You need to ensure that you can log on to Server1 in Directory Services Restore Mode.What should you do？ （）

A. From ntdsutil.exe, run Set DSRM Password.

B. From ntdsutil.exe, run Security account management.

C. From Active Directory Users and Computers, select the Account is trusted for delegation option for the Administrator account.

D. From Active Directory Users and Computers, select the Store password using reversible encryption option for the Administrator account.

Section B

A)Last July, Julie Baldocchi's mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had tobecome a family caregiver, something that she wasn't prepared for. "I was flying by the seat of my pants," saysBaldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her fathercouldn't handle her mother's care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchiwasn't willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents' home created other problems. Baldocchi,48, ismarried and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems thatmake it difficult for her to lift her mother. "I couldn't do it all," she says. "But I didn't even know how to findhelp."

B)

With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. "But even if you planintellectually and legally, you're never ready for the emotional impact," Baldocchi says. In the first two monthsafter her mother's stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans providefamily caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP.An

additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.

C)

While many parents lack an advance care directive, it's the most basic and important step they can take. Thedirective includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority tomake financial decisions on another's behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney,except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlinesinstructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificialmeasures.) "It's invaluable for the kids, because it's hard to make those decisions for a parent," says JenniferCona, an elder-law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive isthe first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family CaregiverAlliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have topetition the court to be appointed the parent's legal guardian, says AgingCare.com.

D)

It's important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents' preferences,wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But ifs not an easy conversation. Elderlyparents are sometimes suspicious of their children's financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner atFinancial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed anintermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisionscan become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza,

an elder-law attomey inGlen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-lawattorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said itwill offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Oenworth.

E)

Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn't pay forlong-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was$77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaidto pay for the nursing home.

F)

Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. Butthe facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance withactivities. Still, it's not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assistedliving isn't covered by Medicaid.

G)

If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according toAARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move theminto an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent canstay there. For example, Baldoechi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.

H) Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent's finances, while anothersibling will take the parent to doctors' appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on asignificant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother's home in Leesburg, Fla. After hermother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn't able to get around as well. Walker,55, has three brothers. But she isthe only daughter, is divorced and has no children. "I always knew that this was the role that I would have, andI guess my mind was prepared for it," says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home asa tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. "When you get into the trenches, it's literally baptismby fire," she says. "New things come up. It's not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It'severything," she says.

I) Carcgivers need to also watch their own health. "There is such a thing as caregiver burnout," Cona says.Among female caregivers 50 and older,20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study onworking caregivers by MetLife. "It's a hard job," Walker says. "But most worthwhile things are hard. She wasalways there for me when I needed a helping hand. It's only natural that I be here for her now."

根据以上内容，回答46-56题。

46、When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.

47、To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children's financial motives.

48、Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.

49、The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone tomake decisions regarding medical treatment.

50、Baldocehi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.

51、Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.

52、If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.

53、Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may bum out or.become depressed.

54、One will have to petition the court to be the parent's legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.

55、The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid.

ng to avert worker shortages as the countrys population shrinks. Japan faces a 16 percent slide in the size of its workforce by 2030 while the number of elderly will mushroom, the government estimates, raising worries about who will do the work in a country unused to, and unwilling to contemplate large-scale immigration. The thinktank, the Machine Industry Memorial Foundation, says robots could help fill the gaps, ranging from microsized capsules that detect lesions to high-tech vacuum cleaners. Rather than each robot replacing one person, the foundation said in a report that robots could make time for people to focus on more important things-Japan could save 2.1 trillion yen (10.4 billion pounds) of elderly insurance payments in 2025 by using robots that monitor the health of older people, so they dont have to rely on human nursing care, the foundation said in its report. Caregivers would save more than an hour a day if robots helped look after children, older people and did some housework, it added. Robotic duties could include reading books out loud or helping bathe the elderly.