For American service,the beverage is served form,theguest’sleft side。（)

A.led

B.was leading

C.lead

D.leading

In 1691 a colonial postal service was outlined by the British government and a number of Postmaster－Generals were appointed in the years leading up to the American Revolution. （翻译)

Many American families pride themselves () their cooking, and have deep freezers, () they store foodthey grow in their gardens or buy in the supermarket. Supermarkets are large self service stores () every kind of food--fresh, canned or frozen. So, () the fast-food restaurant, their produce is less expensive andeasier () . There have been supermarkets in the USA since the 1930s, and they have now spread through a large part of the world.

The American love of sports (11) to a pitch never before known. (12) the middle of the century we were practically without sports and even until some fifteen years ago there (13) very little enthusiasm aroused by sports (14) the fever that has within the past decade and a half swept over the country.

(15) the passionate fervor has been increasing，and the coming season promises to be the most enthusiastic of all.

(16) England the Romans brought their sports；then the Saxons and the Normans added others，and there were football matches and archery games.

In 1618 King James I issued a book of sports stating what sports were (17) after church service on Sundays；but intense anger was (18) among those who strictly observed the principles of the Bible，and in 1644 the Long Parliament ordered the book (19) by the public executioner，and all sports forbidden or strongly (20) .

A. have raised

B. has raised

C. have risen

D. has risen

s tip was seventeenth-century underworld slang for “give” ———as in “Tip me your money or your life. ” Opponents of tipping will probably prefer this explanation, since it suggests the practice as originally a form. of robbery. A less reputable, but nonetheless charming explanation is that in Renaissance(文艺复兴) coffeehouses, boxes were set near the door, into which customers could drop money: These boxes, according to the story, bore the legend “To Insure Promptitude, ” which was ultimately shortened to TIP. Whether it was a serving woman or a boss with his or her eye on depressing wages who first thought up the idea, the story does not say.

Tipping became common in England by the middle of the eighteenth century. Because it is ill-suited to a country without an established servant class, it did not catch on in America until after the Civil War, when former slaveholders suddenly found themselves having to pay the help and when new-rich industrialists adopted the European fashion. By the turn of the century, we had made the custom our own, and the American “big tipper ” was on his way.

Today, although the lines between bribery(贿赂) and thanks for services remain as vague as ever, tipping has become universal, not least because, in an increasingly uncertain economy, it provides the growing service class with income that is at least as reliable as wages and that is less subject to tax review.

Not surprisingly, government officials as among the few die-hards who still question the tipping system. They have a point too. Tippers ’ International Association estimates that U.S. workers get about $5 billion a year in tips.

In the seventeenth century, tip was probably a word used by_____.

A.lawbreakers

B.customers

C.waitresses

D.coffeehouse bosses

Tipping did not become popular in U.S. until after the Civil War because______.A.the country was free of a servant class

B.former slaveholders did not want to pay the help

C.northern industrialists refused to adopt the European fashion

D.tipping was contradictory to the American custom

Tipping is universally accepted mainly because_______.A.it is an easy way to make money

B.it ensures people a good and prompt service

C.it enables the service class to be free from taxes

D.it supplies the service class with a sort of reliable income

Which of the following words can best describe the government officials ’ attitudes towards the tipping system？A.Positive.

B.Negative.

C.Doubtful.

D.Indifferent.

The passage is about_______.A.the origin of tipping

B.the practice of tipping in U.S

C.the popularity of tipping

D.the shaping of the tipping system

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

ding to a nation- wide survey【21】by the College Board's Scholarship Service,【22】at most American universities will be【23】of 9 percent higher this year over last.

The biggest increase will occur at private colleges. Public colleges, heavily subsidized by rax funds, will also【24】their tuition, but the increase will be a few percentage points【25】than their privately sponsored neighbors.

As a follow-up, the United Press international did their own study【26】Massachussetts Institute of Technology. At M. I. T. advisors recommended that students have $ 8,900【27】for one year's expenses, including $ 5,300 for tuition, $ 2,685 for room and【28】, $ 630 for personal expenses, and $ 285 for books and supplies. Ten years ago the tuition was only $ 2,150. To【29】that another way, the cost has climbed 150 percent in the last【30】.

(61)

A．published

B．declared

C．written

D．quoted

短文理解

听力原文： In the United States, even if you decide that you do not want to borrow in order to go on vacation, it is still a good idea for you to have several major credit cards. These provide positive identification when renting an automobile and can be used for the deposit. The credit card receipts will serve as an accurate record of all hotel, plane, train, and restaurant expenses. The use of credit cards avoids the necessity of carrying large amount of cash, purchasing large amounts of traveler's cheeks and keeping track of them, or attempting to use personal checks in places other than your own locality.

Many major credit cards provide an instant cash service in case you run out of money. American Express, for example, has set up machines in major airports in which you can purchase traveler's checks using your American Express card.

21. The credit card receipts will serve as accurate record for all but which of the following choices？

22.Which of the following is not true about the use of credit card？

23.Concerning the advantages of credit cards, which of the following is true？

24.According to the passage, which card has set up machines in major airports？

(21)

A．hotel expenses

B．stock exchange

C．plane expenses

D．restaurant expenses

ge population starting in the middle 1970's. Something else happened in the 1970's: the price of oil increased tremendously, driving up the price of almost everything and making Americans aware that their large automobiles used a lot of gasoline. At the same time, foreign car manufacturers had begun to produce small fuel efficient cars in large quantities for the export market. Suddenly, the large, gas guzzling American cars were no longer attractive to American buyers, who began buying foreign cars by the thousands. The American automobile industry went into a recession. Thousands of automotive workers were laid off, as were thousands of people in industries indirectly connected with the auto industry. People who are laid off tend to keep what money they have for necessities, like food and housing. They do not have the extra money needed to send their children to college. Their children cannot pay their own college costs, because during a recession they cannot find jobs. High unemployment means that more state funds must be used for social service—unemployment benefits and to aid dependent children, for example—than during more prosperous times. It also means that the states have fewer funds than usual, because people are paying fewer taxes. Institutions of higher education depend on two major sources of income to keep them functioning: tuition from students and funds from the states. At the present time, there are fewer students than in the past and fewer state funds available for higher education. The colleges and universities are in trouble.

What is the main idea of this passage？

A．The rising of oil price drove up the price of everything.

B．There were many reasons why higher education was in trouble in the 1970's.

C．Birthrate began to decline in the U.S.A. in 1950's.

D．High unemployment caused a lot of social problems.

nd where and how one entertains. In countries in which status is important, it is not advisable to invite people of different statuses to the same dinner party. Americans will often invite people to their homes. While in some societies the home is considered too private, unworthy, or embarrassingly small to serve as an appropriate forum for business entertaining. In some countries there is a " help yourself " approach to entertaining done in the home. This approach does not work well when entertaining people whose culture teaches them to wait to be asked three times before accepting an offer of food. In one instance, a Chinese guest went an entire evening without eating though he was quite hungry because he was too embarrassed to take food after only being asked to do so once. In another case, an American woman executive was being entertained at tea in London. After having the tea served, the American woman helped herself to cream and sugar rather than waiting to be served. The English woman was embarrassed by the implication that she was not serving quickly enough.

As a general rule, a small gift from your home country is appreciated. A gift that is tied to the particular interest of the individual is especially appreciated. Gifts for children are also well received. Be careful that the "hometown" gift you are bringing to Singapore was not made in Hong Kong. Because many gifts carry symbolic meanings, it is always best to seek the advice of a cultural informant before selecting gifts. The giving of large gifts, or payments for special service, should only be undertaken after consulting the legal department in the home and host culture.

It is no good inviting people of different social positions to the same party in the country where ______.

A．people don't pay any attention to your positions

B．people care much about their statuses

C．entertainment is important

D．entertainment is not advisable