All the youngsters hurried to the playground, only（)that the football players had gone.

After ten years, all these youngsters became_____.

A、growns-ups

B、grown-up

C、growns-up

D、grown-ups

A.With

B.In

C.Of

D.By

A.grown-ups

B.growns-up

C.grown-up

D.growns-ups

A、growns-up

B、growns-up

C、grown-up

D、grown-ups

第三篇

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员). Stress can be physical emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷)in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important that the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicated that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______.

A. to make sports less competitive

B. to make sports more challenging

C. to reduce their mental stress

D. to increase their sense of success

lem, but for the timebeing it is in America that it is graver. The only way to solve it is through education. Negroes (黑人．should knowabout the contributions that black individuals and groups have made towards building America. This is of vitalimportance for their self-respect; and it is perhaps even more important for white people to know. For if you believethat a man has no history worth mentioning, it is easy to assume that he has no value as a man. Many people believe that, since the Negros achievements do not appear in the history books, he did not haveany. Most people are taken aback when they learn that.Negroes sailed with Columbus, marched with the Spanishconquerors of South America and fought side by side with white Americans in all their wars. People are astonishedwhen you tell them about Phillis Wheatley, who learned English as a salve in Boston and wrote first-class poetry.They have never heard of Benjamin Banneker, a mathematician and a surveyor, who helped to plan the city ofWashington. There has been a tendency all along to treat the black man as if he were invisible. Little has beenwritten about the 5,000 American Negroes who fought in the Revolution against the British, but they were in everyimportant battle. In the Anglo-American War of 1812, at least one out of every six men in the U.S. Navy was aNegro. In the Civil War, more than 200,000 black troops fought in the Union forces. How, then, did the image of the Negro as a valiant fighting man disappear？ To justify the hideous institutionof slavery, slave-holders had to create the myth of the docile, slow-witted Negro, incapable of self-improvement, and even contented with his lot. Nothing could be further from the truth. The slave fought for his freedom at everychance he got, and there were numerous uprisings. Yet the myth of docility persisted. There are several other areas where the truth has been twisted or concealed. Most people have heard of theNegro, Carver, who invented scores of new uses for the lowly peanut. But whoever heard of Norbert Rillieux, whoin 1846 invented a vacuum pan that revolutionized the sugar-refining industry？ Or of Elijah McCoy, who in 1872invented the drip cup that feeds oil to the moving parts of heavy machinery？ How many people know that Negroesare credited with inventing such different items as ice creams, potato chips, the gas mask and the first traffic light？ Not many. As for the winning of the West, the black cowboy and the black frontiersman have been almost ignored, though film producers are becoming more aware of their importance. Yet in the typical trail crew of eight men thatdrove cattle from Texas to Kansas, at least two would have been Negroes. The black troops of the Ninth and TenthCavalry formed one-fifth of all the mounted troops assigned to protect the frontier after the Civil War. "Whatdifference does it make？" you may ask. A lot. The cowboy is the American folk-hero. Youngsters identify withhim instantly. The average cowboy film is really a kind of morality play, with good guys and bad guys and rightfinally triumphing over wrong. You should see the amazement and happiness on black youngsters faces when theylearn that their ancestors really had a part in all that. According to the passage, education on Negroes contributions to America ___________

A.contributes to the blacks confidence of their value

B.proves their achievements in building the country

C.is still a major task for curriculum education

D.will solve all the conflicts between black and white people

Passage 1

Back in the carefree days of the Noughties boom, Britain’s youngsters were swept along by the buy-now-pay-later culture embraced by consumers up and down the country. During a decade of near？full employment, many _1_ quickly from one job—and one credit card—to another, and rainy days were such a distant memory that they _2_ seemed worth saving for. But with the supply of cheap credit _3_ up and a generation of school and university leavers about to _4_ the recession-hit job market, thousands of young people with no memory of the early 1990s recession are shocked into the _5_ that the world of 2009 is very different. Katie Orme, 19，who lives in Birmingham, says she has decided never to get a credit card after seeing the problems that her parents and 22year-old sister have had with debt—just one of the _6_ lessons that she has had to learn. Orme finished her A-levels a year ago, and has been searching for a job—and living at home with her parents—ever since. She has had to _7_ on to support herself and is now on a 12-week internship (实习期）at the Prince’s Trust to improve her _8_ . The Trust says that the number of calls from _9_ people such as Orme has shot up by 50% over six months. “It’s so hard to get a job at the moment,” she says, “it’s better to go and get more qualifications so when more jobs are _10_ you will be better suited.”

A) sign

B) skipped

C) available

D) mostly

E) anxious

F) mug

G) hardly

H) remedy

I) realization

J) dynamic

K) resume

L) tough

M) neglected

N) drying

O) flood

第1空答案是：

o development—health problems such as overweight are all becoming more common, as more people take taxis to work instead of riding their bicycles, and other labour-saving devices become more popular.

An increasingly fast pace of life makes it difficult for people to spend time playing sports. " I know exercise is good for your health, " a young lady said, " But after a busy work week, the only thing I want to do is watching TV and going to sleep. " That attitude may explain the results of a recent nationwide study, which suggested 15 percent of urban adults in China have heart problems.

Local researchers found that 31. 2 percent of elderly respondents were getting enough exercise, but less than 9 percent of youngsters and the middle-aged got enough physical activity.

Elderly people understand the importance of protecting their health. The young people, however, are busy working and use this as an excuse to avoid exercise. In fact, physical exercise doesn't require much time, money or a special gymnasium. People can make use of any time and any place at their convenience to take part in sports. Walking quickly, cycling, climbing the stairs and dancing are all helpful methods to improve one's health.

The benefits of adding a little more activity to your life are priceless. " There is no need to be an athlete (运动员) , however, "a local doctor said. People should walk for 30 minutes a day and take part in some other physical activities three to five times a week. He warns, however, that people in poor physical shape should start slowly, and build up over time.

By referring to rapid economic development as "a favor" at the beginning of the passage, the author means that______ .

A．it has benefited the general public greatly

B．it has done harm to people's health nationwide

C．it is going faster than anyone could have imagined

D．it has helped to establish a healthy lifestyle. of the public

ctory reports about the state of the public schools. One sat of experts asserts that the schools are better than they have been for years. Others say that the schools are in terrible shape and are responsible for every national problem from urban poverty to the trade deficit. One group of experts looks primarily at such indicators as test scores, and they cheer what they see: all the indicators—reading scores, minimum competency test results, the Scholastic Aptitude Test scores—are up, some by substantial margins. Students are required to take more academic courses—more mathematics and science, along with greater stress on basic skills, including knowledge of computers. More than 40 state legislatures have mandated such changes.

But in the eyes of another set of school reformers such changes are at best superficial and at worst counterproductive. These experts say that merely toughening requirements, without either improving the quality of instruction or, even more important, changing the way schools are organized and children are taught makes the schools worse rather than better. They challenge the nature of the test, mostly multiple choice or true or false, by which children's progress is measured; they charge that raising the test scores by drilling pupils to come up with the right answers does not improve knowledge, understanding and the capacity to think logically and independently. In addition, these critics fear that the get-tough approach to school reform. will cause more of the youngsters at the bottom to give up and drop out. This, they say, may improve national scores but drain even further the nation's pool of educated people.

The way to cut through the confusion is to understand the different yardsticks used by different observers.

Compared with what schools used to be like "in the good old days", with lots of drill and uniform. requirements, and the expectation that many youngsters who could not make it would drop out and find their way into unskilled jobs—by those yardsticks the schools have measurably improved in recent years.

But by the yardsticks of those experts who believe that the old school was deficient in teaching the skills needed in the modern world, today's schools have not become better. These educators believe that rigid new mandates may actually have made the schools worse.

The assertion of the experts who think schools axe doing better is based on the______.

A．qualification of the teachers

B．test scores

C．reading ability of the children

D．basic skills of the children