题目
根据下列材料,请回答 46~50 题:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science. Newton's laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory framework.
(46)In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything — a single generative equation for all we see. It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the proliferation of dimensions and universes that it might entail. Nonetheless, unification of sorts remains a major goal.
This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too. (47)Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification, for if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings. Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals might all be considered to be forms of sexual selection, perhaps the world's languages, music, social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features. (48)To filter out what is contingent and unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behaviour arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.
That, at least, is the hope. But a comparative study of linguistic traits published online today supplies a reality check. Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in language.
The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who postulated that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar. A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language, which is why children can learn it so quickly.
(49)The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.
Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages. (50) Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations. Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals.
第 46 题 请在(46)处填上最佳答案
第1题
A.29.72
B.35
C.44.72
D.46
第2题
根据下列选项,回答 46~50 题:
A.干燥花
B.花蕾
C.花序
D.花粉
E.柱头
第 46 题 红花的药用部位是()。
第3题
根据下列选项,回答 46~50 题:
A.脾胃气滞
B.肝郁气滞
C.胸腹气滞
D.肝脾气滞
E.胃肠气滞
第 46 题 橘皮长于治()。
第5题
第46题:该只股票的静态价格为()元。
A.4
B.5
C.8
D.20
第6题
根据下列题干及选项,回答 45~46 题:
A.氢化植物油
B.HPMC
C.蜡类
D.醋酸纤维素
E.聚乙烯
第 45 题 控释膜包衣材料为()。
第7题
请根据以下内容回答 46~50 题
A.产生协同作用
B.与其竞争结合血浆蛋白
C.诱导肝药酶加速灭活,作用减弱
D.竞争性对抗
E.减少吸收
双香豆素与下列药物合用会产生怎样的相互作用
第 46 题 苯巴比妥()
第8题
根据下列选项,回答 46~47 题:
A.控释膜材料
B.骨架材料
C.压敏胶
D.背衬材料
E.药库材料
TDDS的常用材料分别是
第 46 题 聚硅氧烷()。
第9题
A.联合检查
B.扣甲
C.罚款5万元
D.10天的行政拘留
第10题
A.由某甲承担
B.由某丙的监护人承担
C.主要由某丙的监护人承担,某幼儿园承担适当赔偿责任
D.主要由幼儿园承担,某丙的监护人承担适当赔偿责任
第11题
根据下列选项,回答 46~49 题:
A.处15年有期徒刑或者无期徒刑,并处销售金额50%以上2倍以下罚金或者没收财产
B.处7年以上有期徒刑,并处销售金额50%以上2倍以下罚金
C.处2年以下有期徒刑或者拘役,并处或者单处销售金额50%以上2倍以下罚金
D.处3年以上7年以下有期徒刑,并处销售金额50%以上2倍以下罚金
E.处2年以上7年以下有期徒刑,并处销售金额50%以上2倍以下罚金
第 46 题 生产、销售伪劣产品销售金额5万元以上不满20万元的()。
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