重要提示：
请勿将账号共享给其他人使用，违者账号将被封禁！
题目
Are thoughts and behavior. determined by heredity (遗传) or by environment？ Social scientists have long been interested in this question; the results of "twin studies" are particularly interesting to them.Twin studies of the similarities and differences between twins.There are two types of twins: identical twins, who look exactly the same because they have identical genetic characteristics, and fraternal twins, who have different genetic characteristics.In a 1937 study, Newman, Freeman, and Halzinger found that identical twins are more similar in height and weight than fraternal twins.Because identical twins have the same genetic characteristics, the conclusion was that size is determined more by heredity than by environment.In 1962, James Shields compared the height, weight, and intelligence of identical twins who were brought up together (in the same environment) with those of identical twins brought up apart (in different environments).He found that although the differences were small, identical twins who were brought up together were more similar than those brought up apart.Shields concluded that height, weight, and intelligence are largely determined by heredity.However, because of the differences between identical twins brought up together and those brought up apart, these characteristics may be partly determined by environment.
In the case of Oscar and Jack, heredity seems to determine physical and mental abilities, tastes, and behavior.Environment seems to determine thought.
1.After their parents' divorce, Oscar and Jack ______.
A.went to live with their mother's family
B.were brought up by their father
C.never saw each other again
D.were separated until 1954
2.Although Oscar and Jack are similar in many ways, they seem to be different in_______.
A.physical ability
B.behavior
C.mental ability
D.thought
3.Identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins because_______.
A.they have the same mother
B.they have the same genetic characteristics
C.they were brought up together
D.they were born at the same time
4.The conclusion of Newman, Freeman and Halzinger's 1937 twin study was that_______.
A.size is determined by height, weight, and environment
B.identical twins are taller and heavier than fraternal twins
C.size is determined more by heredity than by environment
D.identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins
5.Shield drew a slightly different conclusion from his study because_______.
A.he also compared the intelligence of the twins in his study
B.he compared twins brought up together with those brought up apart
C.only identical twins were included in his study
D.all of the environment factors were carefully controlled
更多“Oscar and Jack are identical twins, separated when they were babies by their parent'”相关的问题
第1题
What may happen when identical twins are separated from the day they are born？
A．They will grow into totally different adults.
B．They will follow their parents.
C．They may think and dress alike though.
D．They may develop different interests and personalities.
第2题
听力原文： Although twins have always been a source of curiosity, they are not so uncommon statistically, since they occur once in every 86 births.
About one-third of all twins are identical, or single-egg twins. Identical twins have the same genes and, hence, the same sex, hair, eyes, blood type, and bone and tooth structure. Some identical twins are mirror images of each other. For example, one may be left-handed, the other right-handed. As young children, some identical twins may develop their own private language. Identical twins have an especially keen intuition, and they often seem to think and dress alike even when away from each other. In fact, even when they are separated at birth and raised apart, identical twins develop startling similarities. They may pursue the same careers, have the same interests, or die within days of each other.
In contrast to identical twins, fraternal twins inherit a separate assortment of genes and are not necessarily of the same sex. In some families there is a hereditary tendency to produce fraternal twins, but identical twins occur at random in the population.
Another term for identical twins is__________.
A．fraternal twins
B．mirror twins
C．single-egg twins
D．separate-egg twins
第3题
About one-third of all twins are identical, or single-egg twins. Identical twins have the same genes and, hence, the same sex, hair, eyes, blood type, and bone and tooth structure. Some identical twins are mirror images of each other. For example, one may be left-handed, the other right-handed. As young children, some identical twins may develop their own private language. Identical twins have an especially keen intuition, and they often seem to think and dress alike even when away from each other. In fact, even when they are separated at birth and raised apart, identical twins develop startling similarities. They may pursue the same careers, have the same interests, or die within days of each other.
In contrast to identical twins, fraternal twins inherit a separate assortment of genes and are not necessarily of the same sex. In some families there is a hereditary tendency to produce fraternal twins, but identical twins occur at random in the population.
Another term for identical twins is ______.
A．fraternal twins
B．mirror twins
C．single-egg twins
D．separate-egg twins
第4题
There are two types of twins: identical and non-identical twins. Identical twins are formed from a single egg in mother's body which divides to form. two separate babies. Identical twins look the same and are often dressed by their parents in clothes of the same colors. It is often difficult to tell identical twins from each other, even when they are standing side by side. Non-identical twins come into being when the mother produces two separated eggs at the same time, both of which grow to form. babies. In this case the twins look like normal brothers and sisters and are easy to tell one from the other.
In the 1970s and 1980s a scientist did some research into twins. He invited many pairs of identical twins to university and asked them to take part in a week of tests. He was particularly interested in adopted (收养) twins who had been separated at birth. He would give the twins different kinds of tests to study their speed of thinking, their speech, their memory, the ways they saw and heard different things, and so on. Time and time again he found separated twins who preferred clothes of the same color, used the same kind of shaving soap, wore the same shaped square glasses and the same colored socks.
There is a third type of twins, but it is a very unusual one. Twins who are joined together at birth are known in western countries as Siamese twins.
(1)It is difficult to tell identical twins because ____________.
A、they are dressed in the same clothes
B、they are dressed in the same color
C、they are very alike
D、they are standing side by side
(2)If the twins are easy to tell from each other, they are ____________.
A、very probably non-identical twins
B、surely non-identical twins
C、surely identical twins
D、always a brother and a sister
(3)Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage？
A、In the 1970s and 1980s a scientist did some research into the two main types of twins.
B、In the week of tests, he tested their speed of thinking, their speech, their memory and some other things.
C、There were twins who had been separated from each other as soon as they were born.
D、Very often, separated twins were found to choose things of the same kind, the same shape and the same color.
(4)According to the passage, how many types of twins are there actually？
A、one
B、two
C、three
D、four
(5)This passage mainly tells us ____________.
A、the main types of twins
B、what has been found out about twins
C、how twins are formed
D、how a scientist studied twins
第5题
PART C
Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.
听力原文： Twins have always been a source of curiosity since they occur once in every eighty-six births. About one-third of all twins are identical, or single egg twins. Identical twins have the same genes and, hence, they have more similarities between them. Some identical twins are of difference to each other. For example, one may be left-handed, the other right-handed. As young children, some identical twins may look very much the same since they will be dressed up by their parents in the same way. But identical twins may think and dress alike even when they axe away from each other. In fact, the same thing happened to some identical twins when they were separated at birth and raised apart. They may pursue the same careers, have the same interests, or die at almost the same time.
In contrast to identical twins, fraternal twins are not necessarily of the same sex. In some families there is a hereditary tendency to produce fraternal twins.
Why do twins arouse our curiosity？
A．They occur once in every one hundred births.
B．They seldom occur.
C．They occur once in every eighty-six births.
D．They will grow up with strange behaviours.
第6题
Twins separated at birth do sometimes share personality characteristics.()
第7题
They are identical twins and look very ______.
A．alike
B．same
C．like
D．likely
相关内容
警告：系统检测到您的账号存在安全风险
为了保护您的账号安全，请在“赏学吧”公众号进行验证，点击“官网服务”-“账号验证”后输入验证码“”完成验证，验证成功后方可继续查看答案！
