The ________ is the amount of money that the government owes to its creditors.

When the fuel oil is burning in the combustion chamber, it _____.

A.gives up large amount of heat

B.gives off large amount of heat

C.gives up large amount of steam

D.gives off large amount of steam

有下列程序： #include＜iostream＞ Using namespace std; Class Amount{ int amount; public; Amount(int n=O):amount(n){} Int getAmount()const{return amount;} Amount &operator+=(AmountA) {

A．*this

B．this

C．&amount

D．amount

Risk Event Status is defined as _____ .

A Risk Probability x Amount At Stake.

B the severity of the consequences.

C how likely the event is to occur with risk.

D (Cost + Benefit + Business Risk) / Insurable Risk.

E B and C

on, to, from, at, against, ensure, receipt, insure, refund, for, meet, meet with

Dear Sirs,

Re: Our Order No．1001 for 2 000 Washing Machines

We wish to refer you(1)our order No．1001 for 2000 Washing Machines Little Swan Brand, automatic Washing Machines,(2)which you will see that this order is placed(3)CFR basis.

As we now desire to have the shipment insured(4)your end．We shall be pleased if you will arrange to(5)the goods on our behalf(6)All Risks at invoice value 1000000 plus 10% i．e．RMB 1100000.

We shall of course to(7)you the premium upon(8)of your debit note or, if you like, you may draw on us at sight(9)the amount required.

We sincerely hope that our request will(10)your approval.

Yours faithfully,

of relaxation. But relaxation is __1__ for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to __2__ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of __3__ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some peoplw are not afraid of stress, and such __4__ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of __5__ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both physically and __6__. In fact we make choice between "flight or fight" and in more __7__ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same __8__. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued __9__ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot __10__ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it.

A)exposure

B)characters

C)answer

D)chemically

E)avoid

F)psychologically

G)primitive

H)transfer

I)unusual

J)control

K)remove

L)escape

M)response

N)backward

O)essential

Please fill the following particulars in a credit form to issue a Red Clause credit.

(1)issuing date: 6 June, 200×

(2)Credit No. 256734

(3)Credit amount: AUD64,000.00 (say Australian dollars...)

(4)expiry date: 31 July, 200×

(5)available with the advising bank by negotiation

(6)shipment date: 16 July, 200×

(7)special condition

"The Issuing Bank authorises the Negotiating Bank to pay 60% of the amount of the Credit in advance to the beneficiary against the following presentations:

Ⅰ. a receipt for the advance duly signed by the beneficiary;

Ⅱ. an undertaking from the beneficiary to utilize the funds to purchase and pack the goods;

Ⅲ. the undertaking of the beneficiary to present full set of documents as stipulated in the Credit to the Negotiating bank within the expiry of the credit.

After the advance payment has been made to the beneficiary, the Negotiating Bank may claim reimbursement to be supported by the receipt and undertaking on the Issuing Bank which will reimburse the negotiating bank immediately.

Upon negotiation of documents presented by the beneficiary, the advance payment for 60% of the credit amount will be deducted from the whole negotiating amount for beneficiary's refundment. The remaining approximate 40o-/o of the invoice value will be claimed by the Negotiating bank on the Issuing Bank for its reimbursement. "

Red Clause Credit

Name of Issuing Bank Place and date of issue

Bank of Australia, London, (1) ____________

Name of Beneficiary Advised through

To: Marlin Wool Company, Melbourne Bank of Australia, Melbourne

Dear Sirs,

At the request and on the instructions of (name and address of the applicant), we hereby issue an Irrevocable Documentary Credit No. (2) ______ for (3) ______ (say ____________) to expire on or before (4) ______ at Melbourne (5) __________________ of your draft for 40% of the invoice value drawn at sight on us against the presentation of the documents detailed herein:

① Commercial invoice in triplicate.

② Full set clean on board ocean bills of lading made out to order endorsed in blank marked "freight prepaid".

③ Packing list in triplicate.

Evidencing shipment from London to Melbourne not later than (6) ______.

Partial shipments not allowed. Transhipment allowed.

(7)Special condition

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Instructions to the Negotiating Bank

All shipping documents in compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit shall be forwarded by you immediately to us for beneficiary's refundment of 60% advance payment and claiming your reimbursement of 40% invoice value.

We engage with drawers and bona-fide holders of draft (s) drawn under and negotiated in compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit that such draft (s) shall be duly honoured upon due presentation.

This Credit is subject to UCP 600.

Yours faithfully

Bank of Australia,

London

dignature(s)

使用如下关系模式： 书目（ISBN，书名，出版社，在库数量） 图书（书号，ISBN，当前位置） 其中在库数量为当前书目可借出的图书的数量，每本图书入库后都会有当前位置，借出后当前位置字段改为空值。每一条书目信息对应多本相同的图书，每一本图书只能对应一条书目。 借还书业务的基本流程如下描述： （1）读者根据书名查询书目，当前书目的在库数量大于0时可借阅。 （2）读者借出一本图书时，进行出库操作：根据该图书的书号将该图书的当前位置字段值改为空值，并根据其ISBN号将对应书目的在库数量减1。 （3）读者归还一本图书时，进行入库操作：系统根据当前书架的空余位置自动生成该本书的存放位置，并根据该图书的书号将其当前位置字段值改为生成的存放位置，然后将对应书目的在库数量加1。 （4）借还书时，逐一扫描每本图书的书号并进行出、入库操作。

【问题1】（7分） 引入两个伪指令：a= R(X)表示将在库数量X值读入到变量a中；W(a，X)表示将变量a的值写入到在库数量X中。入库操作用下标I表示，出库操作用下标O表示。 将出库和八库操作分别定义为两个事务，针对并发序列：ao=Ro(X),aI=RI(X)，ao=ao -1，Wo(ao, X),aI- aI+1，WI(aI，X)。其中变量ai和ao分别代表入库事务和出库事务中的局部变量。 （1）假设当前X的值为3，则执行完上述并发序列的伪指令后，X的值是多少？简述产生这一错误的原因（100字以内）。 （2）为了解决上述问题，引入独占锁指令XLock(X)对数据X进行加锁，解锁指令Unlock(X)两对数据X进行解锁。入库操作用下标I表示，如XLockI(X)；出库操作用下标O表示，如Unlocko(X)。请根据上述的并发序列，给出一种可能的执行序列，使其满足2PL协议。 【问题2】（8分） 下面是用SQL实现的出入库业务程序的一部分，请补全空缺处的代码。 CREATE PROCEDURE IOstack(IN BookNo VARCHAR(20), IN Amount INT){ //输入合法性验证 if not(Amount=1 or Amount=-1) return -1; //修改图书表当前位置 UPDATE 图书 SET 当前位置=GetPos(BookNo,Amount)//系统生成 WHERE （a） ; if error then {ROLLBACK;return -2;} //修改在库数量 UPDATE 书目 SET 在库数量= （b） WHERE EXISTS(SELECT * FROM 图书 WHERE 书号=BookNo AND （c） ); if error then {ROLLBACK;return -3;} （d） ; return 0; }

填空：Nowadays, is it possible to tell a person's class just by looking at him？ Physical details __1__ tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago the working class very often lookd unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often __2__, sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such __3__ would no longer be so true.The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their __4__. The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on them. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer had money. Clothes can provide other __5__ as well. The upper classes __6__ to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colours, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colours, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are mssing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is __7__.Clothes are __8__ at a price within most people's reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good, and show some __9__ of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look __10__ and feel important. They want people to look at them.

A) available

B) background

C) different

D) tall

E) totally

F) taken

G) descriptions

H) degree

I) clues

J) alone

K) appear

L) consider

M) full

N) hobby

O)fetched

使用美国的银行承兑汇票融通资金，可以选择做融资的下列出口货运：

On 10 August, Bank of Asia, London received a cable despatched by Bank of Asia, Hangzhou inclusive of the following contents:

Description of goods	Shipment from ______ to ______	B/L date	ETA	Amount
Silk Chemicals Piece goods Poplin	China China China China	Tunis Singapore Egypt Rangoon	1 Aug. 2 Aug. 5 Aug. 1 Aug.	20 Sep. 13 Aug. 20 Sep. 12 Aug.	USD1,500,000.00 250,000.00 1,500,000.00 150,000.00

Total USD3, 400, 000. 00

(1)计算实际利率，确定是否可做银行承兑汇票(Banker's Acceptance, B/A)融资。

Bank of Asia, London telephoned Chemical Bank, London to enquire about all-in- rate on the same date which was 13.4% per annum. Another enquiry about LIBOR from Euro-dollar market has been made, the result was 14. go-/o for six months.

Whether such all-in-rate is available to create the banker's acceptance at 180 days？

Effective annual rate =

As the effective annual rate at ______ was ______ than LIBOR at ______, Bank of Asia, London would apply for the creation of eligible banker's acceptance.

(2)亚(洲银)行伦敦分行折算后认为可以叙做B/A，于8月10日发电给化学银行伦敦分行，请它转电该行纽约分行，将两笔货运金额融资，并请承兑和贴现，将净款贷记亚行账户。

Bank of Asia, London selected some of the above exportation with ETA exceeding 5 days as from 10 Aug., to be available to B/A, and made a telex advice of application for B/A dated 10 Aug., at 180 days to Chemical Bank, London as follows：

FROM：__________________

TO： __________________

TEST 2476 WE CONFIRM TODAY'S USD BANKER'S ACCEPTANCE TRANSACTION OF USD ______ VALUE 10 AUG. FOR ______ DAYS AT ______ PER ANNUM PLEASE INSTRUCT YOUR NEW YORK OFFICE TO FILL OUT OUR PRESIGNED BANK DRAFT ACCEPTED AND DISCOUNTED AND ______ NET PROCEEDS AMOUNTING TO USD ______ TO OUR ACCOUNT WITH THEM STOP

THIS FINANCING COVERS THE FOLLOWING TRANSACTIONS

DESCRIPTION OF GOODS	SHIPMENT FROM	SHIPMENT TO	B/L DATE	ETA	AMOUNT
______ ______ ______	______ ______	______ ______	______ ______	______ ______	______ ______

WE ALSO CONFIRM THAT GOODS ARE IN CHANNEL OF TRADE NO OTHER FINANCING IS INVOLVED WITH THE TRANSACTION AT MATURITY ______ WE SHALL PAY FACE AMOUNT TO YOU TO LIQUIDATE THIS OUTSTANDING ACCEPTANCE.

(3)承兑行代为填写预签汇票，制成承兑和可贴现汇票。化学银行纽约分行当天回电致其伦敦分行确认承兑、贴现，并将净款贷记在亚行伦敦分行账户上。

Please fill out a presigned blank draft with the following particulars:

dates of draft and of acceptance: 10 Aug.

amount: USD3,000,000.00

No. of draft: 101

drawee: Chemical Bank, New York

drawer: Bank of Asia, London

payee: Chemical Bank

tenor: at 180 days after sight

exportation of silk and piece goods from China to Tunis and Egypt

On 10 Aug., Chemical Bank, New York replied to their London office for relay to Bank of Asia, London by telex, confirming that the net proceeds have been credited to Bank of Asia, London's account maintained with them.

FROM: CHEMICAL BANK, NEW YORK

TO: CHEMICAL BANK, LONDON

MESSAGE FOR BANK OF ASIA, LONDON

WE HAVE ACCEPTED AND DISCOUNTED DRAFT NO. 101 NET PROCEEDS

USD ______ BEING SAME DAY FUNDS CREDITED YOUR ACCOUNT

(4)亚行伦敦分行电传给化学银行伦敦分行，请它通知其纽约分行将净款付给纽约渣打银行。

On 11 Aug., Bank of Asia, London telexed Chemical Bank, London to instruct their New York Office to transfer the net proceeds for the credit of Standard Chartered Bank, New York.

FROM：__________________

TO: __________________

MESSAGE FOR CHEMICAL BANK, NEW YORK

VALUE 10 AUG. PLEASE ______ OUR ACCOUNT WITH OUR NEW

YORK OFFICE AND PAY ______________________________

FOR THE ______ OF OUR ACCOUNT WITH THEM AMOUNTING USD

______.

(5)亚行伦敦分行贷款300万美元给布鲁塞尔的布(鲁塞尔)行，并从纽约渣打银行拨款给布行。

On 12 Aug., Bank of Asia, London has made a loan to Banque de Bruxelles, S.A. Brussels for the amount of USD3,000,000.00 at 14.9% per annum valued on 12 Aug., matured at 6 Feb., with a loan period of 178 days. They have telexed Standard Chartered Bank, New York to pay the said amount to Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co., New York for the credit of the account of Banque de Bruxelles.

FROM: ________________________

TO： ________________________

TEST 1552 VALUE ______ PLEASE ______

OUR ACCOUNT AND PAY __________________

__________________ FOR THE ____________

OF THE ACCOUNT OF BANQUE DE BRUXELLES USD ______

______

(6)布鲁塞尔的布行寄送借款确认书给亚行伦敦分行。

Banque de Bruxelles, S.A. Brussels sent a confirmation of borrowing to Bank of Asia, London with some items in blank to be filled in a8 follows:

Confirmation of Borrowing

To Bank of Asia, London Date 12 Aug.

Date of borrowing ______ Amount ______

Maturity ______ Interest rate at ______

Interest amount ______

In our favour with

Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co., New York

Liquidation at maturity ______

Total amount to be paid ______

Payment through

Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co., New York

With Standard Chartered Bank, New York

Banque de Bruxelles, Brussels

signature

(7)布行在到期日发出电传给纽约汉华银行将贷款本息还给亚行伦敦分行。

At maturity, Banque de Bruxelles, Brussels telexed Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co., New York to refund the principal and interest of the loan to Bank of Asia, London.

FROM: ________________________

TO: ________________________

VALUE ______ PLEASE ______ OUR ACCOUNT AND PAY

______ TO THE STANDARD CHARTERED BANK NEW YORK FOR

______ OF THE ACCOUNT OF ______ WITH THEM

(8)在银行承兑汇票到期日，亚行伦敦分行发出电传给纽约渣打银行付款 300万美元。

On due date Bank of Asia, London telexed the Standard Chartered Bank, New York to pay USD3,000,000.00 to Chemical Bank, New York to liquidate the outstanding acceptance.

FROM: ______________________________

TO: ______________________________

VALUE ______ PLEASE ______ OUR ACCOUNT AND PAY

______ TO ______ FOR ______ TO THEIR ______

ACCOUNT TO LIQUIDATE OUR BANKER'S ACCEPTANCE NO. ______

MATURING AT ______.

(9)计算亚行伦敦分行发放贷款获得的利润(利息差额收益)。

Bank of Asia, London has obtained profit of interest difference between the rates of loan and B/A as follows:

Loan interest amount: USD ______

B/A discount and acceptance charges: USD ______

______________________________

Profit of interest difference: USD ______

A growing amount of research shows a pessimistic outlook can take a huge toll （损失) o

n your health. This may be because pessimists are not as good as optimists at handling stress, which damages the immune system and causes other health problems, such as high blood pressure. Optimists go into situations with more confidence, so events seem less threatening and stressful. And in situations where stress is unavoidable, positive thinkers also have stronger coping methods. Looking at the bright side may also lead to a longer life. Researchers have found that those who were pessimists had a 19 percent increased risk of death. Studies of HIV patients also have found that the health of optimists doesn’t decline as rapidly.Fortunately, even a confirmed negativist (否定论者) can change. To start with, experts recommend using a trick called creative accounting. Keep a mental checklist of all the good things that happen to you. Simply focusing on the positive can boost (提升) your mood. You can also try to avoid upward comparison. There will always be someone prettier or wealthier, but constantly comparing yourself to them will leave you feeling down and envious (妒忌的).Finally, recognize how your mood affects your outlook. Optimists know that if they are in good spirits, their day-after-day experiences and interactions are more positive. So see if you can muster (鼓起，振起) a smile. The result might be a happier — and healthier — you.

(1) Which one is NOT true according to the passage？

A、Optimists are usually happier and healthier than pessimists.

B、Optimists have stronger coping methods than pessimists.

C、Pessimists have a 19 percent increased risk of death.

D、Pessimists are never feeling down and envious.

(2) How can a confirmed negativist change？

A、Keeping a mental checklist of all the good things that happen to you.

B、Simply focusing on the positive.

C、Trying to avoid upward comparison.

D、All of the above.

(3) According to the passage, the pessimistic outlook can directly lead to _______.

A、a huge toll on your wealth

B、bad immune system and other health problems, such as high blood pressure

C、having trouble in handling stress

D、going into situations with more confidence

(4) Which one is the most appropriate title for the passage？

A、Pessimistic Outlook Does Harm to Your Health.

B、Pessimists and Optimists.

C、How Can a Confirmed Negativist Change？

D、Outlook and Mood.

(5) Where can you most probably find this passage？

A、Sports Weekly.

B、Ladies’ Home Journal.

C、Business Circle.

D、Biographies.

ernet being too slow.

New York’s Attorney General’s office (26)_______ an investigation in the fall into whether or not Verizon, Cablevision and Time Warner are delivering broadband that’s as fast as the providers (27)_______ it is. Earlier this month, the office asked for the public’s help to measure their speed results, saying consumers (28)_______ to get the speeds they were promised. “Too many of us may be paying for one thing, and getting another，” the Attorney General said.

If the investigation uncovers anything, it wouldn’t be the first time a telecom provider got into (29)_______ over the broadband speeds it promised and delivered customers. Back in June, the Federal Communications Commission fined AT& T $ 100 million over (30)_______ that the carrier secretly reduced wireless speeds after customers consumed a certain amount of (31)_______ .

Even when they stay on the right side of the law, Internet providers arouse customers’ anger over bandwidth speed and cost. Just this week, an investigation found that media and telecom giant Comcast is

the most (32)_______ provider. Over 10 months, Comcast received nearly 12,000 customer complaints, many (33)_______ to its monthly data cap and overage (超过额度的)charges.

Some Americans are getting so (34)_______ with Internet providers they’re just giving up. A recent study found that the number of Americans with high-speed Internet at home today (35)_______ fell during the last two years, and 15% of people now consider themselves to be “cord-cutters.”

A)accusations

B) actually

C) claim

D) communicating

E) complain

F) data

G) deserved

H) frustrated

I) hated

J) launched

K) relating

L) times

M) trouble

N) usually

O) worried