He is no smoker，but his father is a chain-smoker．

A.to stop smoking

B.stop smoking

C.stopping to smoke

D.to stop to smoke

he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.

The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of letters transformed into a different one. Nonsmokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.

In the third test of short - term memory, nonsmokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.

The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Nonsmokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smoker bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.

As our tests became more complex, sums up Spilich, "nonsmokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins." He predicts, "smokers might perform. adequately at many jobs——until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity."

The purpose of George Spilich's experiments is _________.

A．to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers

B．to show how smoking damages people's mental capacity

C．to prove that smoking affects people's regular performance

D．to find out whether smoking helps people's short-term memory

A.拥抱

B.至少

C.恳求

D.吸烟者

A． Yes, go ahead

B． No, I wouldn't mind at all

C． No, you cannot smoke here

D． You are a smoker!

A.In the office

B.In the restroom

C.Outside the buildings

D.In the designated smoking areas

________ with nicotine.

A.addicted

B.stabbed

C.stained

D.radiated

points of view are constantly running up against others who have differing opinions. Those of us who smoke are just one group of many. Recently, the activism of non-smokers has reminded us of the need to be considerate of others when we smoke in public.

But, please! Enough is enough! We should like to remind non-smokers that courtesy is a two-way street. If you politely request that someone not smoke you are more likely to receive a cooperative response than if you scowl(皱眉)fiercely and hurl insults. If you speak directly to someone, you are more likely to get what you want than if you complain to the management.

Many of us have been smoking for so long that we sometimes forget that others are not used to the aroma of burning tobacco. We’re human, and like everyone else we occasionally offend unknowingly. But most of us are open to friendly suggestions and comments, and quite willing to modify our behavior. to accommodate others.

Smokers are people, too. We laugh and cry. We have hopes, dreams, aspirations. We have children, and mothers, and pets. We eat our hamburgers with everything on them and salute the flag at Fourth of July picnics. We hope you’ll remember that the next time a smoker lights up in public.

1. The purpose of the first paragraph is _________.

A. to inform. the reader of the complexity of the world

B. to declare that the author belongs to the group of smokers

C. to tell non-smokers that smokers will be considerate

D. to reveal the author’s reason for writing this essay

2. What does the second sentence in the second paragraph imply？

A. We should go on two different roads.

B. We have different ways of doing things.

C. Being polite to each other is a mutual thing.

D. We can smoke and sometimes we will not smoke.

3. According to the author, how can you get cooperative response from smokers if you don’t like to have someone smoking beside you？

A. Complain to his superior.

B. Tell him directly that you hate smokers.

C. Refrain from complaining but try to hint him next time.

D. Tell him politely that you are not used to smoke.

4. According to the author, why do some smokers smoke in public？

A. Because they cannot resist smoking.

B. Because they forget that others do not like the smell of cigarettes.

C. Because they are humans and they cannot avoid offending people.

D. Because there is no law against it.

5. How does the author try to persuade the reader？

A. He uses reasons.

B. He appeals to people’s emotions.

C. He cites examples in his argument.

D. He simply states his opinion.

A.Is your father a smoker？ 你父亲抽烟吗？(名词转换成动词)

B.She is a real beauty.她非常漂亮。 (名词转换成形容词)

C.We are enemies of all wars. 我们反对一切战争。(名词转换成动词)

Questions are based on the following passage．

If you smoke--particularly cigarettes--you are far more likely than a non-smoker to suffer or die from several major diseases--notably lung cancer．

One smoker in four dies prematurely (过早地) because of his smoking． The risk of dying for a heavy smoker (between the ages of 35 and 55) is roughly equal to the risk run by a non-smoker 10 years older．

Cigarette smoking--and to a lesser degree pipe and cigar smoking-may aggravate(使恶化)or be partly responsible for the development of a wide variety of other diseases, which include

cancers of the mouth and throat, peptic ulcers (胃溃疡), and loss of teeth．

(78) Women who smoke during pregnancy produce babies on average about 5 to 8 ounces lighter than those who don&39;t．

Take lung cancer for example:

Britain&39;s lung cancer figures are the highest in the world, and still rising． Ninety people die every day, 33,000 in 1969． Almost all these deaths can be attributed directly to tobacco smoking．

(79)The prospects of a cure for lung cancer are, at present, remoter ,and it is impossible to estimate when, if ever, someone will find one． You would be foolish to rely on someone finding a cure before you needed it．

One man in eight who die between the ages of 35 and 64 is killed by lung cancer． The figures for women in this age group are lower, about 1 in 20． This is partly because women smoke less, and have not smoked as long． But the figures are still very high．

According to the passage， lung cancer __________ 查看材料

A.is the major cause of death between the ages of 35 and 55

B.is most often caused by smoking

C.never affects non-smokers

D.has nothing to do with smoking

see smoking as a productivity(生产力) problem. Although some people question whether smoking really affects one's productivity, it has, in fact, been proven that a smoker costs a company more than a non-smoker. According to Professor William Weis, a smoking employee costs his or her employer about $5,700 more a year than a never-smoker. These costs include medical care, lost earnings and insurance. And absence due to smoking breaks is one of the productivity problems, yet it accounts for a great deal of employer costs.

(78)When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers. It has long been proven that smoking is linked to lung cancer. Now many health experts warn that passive smoking can cause lung cancer and other illnesses in healthy never-smokers. Passive smoking can be defined as exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke in enclosed areas. Anyone who has been with smokers indeed knows that their smoke can cause eye irritation(刺激), coughing, headaches and throat soreness. While eye irritation may seem a small thing to some smokers, it nevertheless is a problem that occurs every workday in offices and break-rooms and can lead to greater health problems. Employees who do not smoke should not be subjected(遭受) to the risks of passive smoking and need to be able to work in a safe environment. Surgeon General Koop states that the right of the smoker stops at the point where his or her smoking increases the disease risk of those occupying the same environment.

All the following cases are on-the-job smoking except that______.

A．an employer smokes while working in the office

B．a taxi driver smokes while driving the car

C．a worker smokes while working in the workshop

D．a worker smokes while reading in the train