Counselor: Every year a popular newsmagazine publishes a list of United States colleges, r

根据材料请回答 36～40 题

The genes that help determine a person's individual characteristics -- from the color of his eyes to the score he makes on an IQ test-- are located on chromosomes(染色体)within the cells of his body.Half of a person's chromosomes come from his father, hail from his mother.Many diseases are the result of a .single defective(有缺陷的)gene on one of the chromosomes.Achondroplastic dwarfism (软骨营养障碍性矮小), for example, is caused by a dominant gene ,and any child who inherits it will have the disease.A genetic counselor confronted by a parent with such a disease could warn that half of his children risk the disease.More often, genetic diseases are caused by recessive(隐性的)genes.The most common is cystic fibrosis(囊肿性纤维化), a disorder that affects at least .one in every 1,600 babies and causes their lungs and other body organs to become congested(充赛)with mucus (黏液).Some diseases, such as the blood-clotting(血栓) disorder, hemophilia (血友病), are, sex-linked recessive defects carried On the female X chromosome.

Many genetic defects, such as the hemophilia of European royalty, can be traced back through the family tree.And a genetic counselor can calculate probable risks for couples e-ven before they have defective children.But faulty genes may .also occur without warning by mutation(突变)in any generation.

In recent years, researchers have detected a number of disorders caused by an extra chromosome, or lack of part of a chromosome.Mongolism(先天愚型), a form. of retarda-tion(迟钝) accompanied by ,short stature(身材矮小), a flattened nose and broad hands and feet, is caused by an extra chromosome.The parents of such a child have little risk of hav-ing another Mongoloid(先天愚型患者).

There are blood, urine and other tests which show promise in detecting more than 100genetic diseases, including cystic fibrosis, hemophilia and some forms of muscular dystro-phy(先天愚型患者 ).

Researchers are also detecting genetic defects even before a child is born."Intrauter-ine detection (子宫内检测)," notes Dr.Henry L.Nadler of Northwestern University Medical School, "brings a new dimension to genetic counseling.The physician may now inform. the parents that they will hare either an affected or a normal child."

第 36 题 The original title of the passage can most probably be

A．Genes and Diseases

B．Genes and One's Characteristics

C．Genetic Defects and the Family Tree

D．Dominant and Recessive Genes

A.choice

B.sometime

C.regular

D.chronic

A.master ’s

B.bachelor ’s

C.doctoral

D.professional

A.A. finish

B.B. will finish

C.C. finished

D.D. will have finished

A.Day(Date)

B.Yea(Date)

C.Year(Day(Date) )

D.Day(Year(Date) )

A.Yes（是）

B.Yea（赞同）

C.Yell（叫喊）

A．come B．become C．go D．take