题目
What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills, b) winter-born bathes tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina. c) soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania, d) none of the above.
Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in "none of the above". Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment nearly years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. "With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training his digit span had risen from 7 to 20," Ericsson recalls. "He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers."
This success coupled with later research showing that memory itself as not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize those differences are swamped by how well each person "encodes" the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.
Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just predominance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own lavatory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. or, put another way, expert performers whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming are nearly always made, not born.
The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to ______ .
A.stress the importance of professional training.
B.spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.
C.introduce the topic of what males expert performance.
D.explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
第1题
nation.
第2题
A.what were you doing
B.what are you doing
C.what you were doing
D.what you are doing
第4题
Are you still here? You were here half an hour ago. Who()for?
A. were you waiting
B. are you waiting
C. do you wait
第5题
A.were
B.weren ’t
C.used
D.didn ’t
第6题
You were opposed to ______ (invite)her to go to the library with us, weren't you?
第7题
A. are
B. (should) be
C. will be
D. were
第8题
__________, I would take an umbrella with me.
A、Had I been you
B、I were you
C、Were I you
D、I had been you
第9题
A.what were you
B.what you were
C.what I was
D.what was I
第10题
A.A. So are you
B.B. So you are
C.C. So you were
D.D. So were you
第11题
A. where are you from
B. where you were from
C. where you are from
D. you are from where
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