Despite laws designed to keep cigarettes away from kids, 15 percent of U.S.high school students and 34 percent fo middle school students use tobacco products, fovernment health officials say.（)

A．It suggests a need to discard methods used in earlier experiments

B．It tends to weaken the assumptions on which earlier experiments were designe

C．It suggests that the problem revealed in earlier experiments may be more widespread than previously thought

D．It helps to explain a phenomenon revealed in earlier experiments

A.your integrity

B.your personality

C.a guide in your life

D.your sense of good

travelers: Don't puff(喷烟) on me.

In country after country, talk of nonsmokers' rights is in the air. This fresh voice is heard from Australia to Sweden. Its force is freeing clean air for nonsmokers -- and tightening the situation for smokers.

While a majority of countries have taken little or no action yet, some 30 nations have introduced legislative steps to control smoking abuse. Many laws have been introduced in other countries to help clear the air for nonsmokers, or to cut cigarette consumption.

In many developing nations, however, cigarette smoking is seen as a sign of economic progress -- and is even encouraged. While it appears that in developed countries the consumption of cigarettes has become stabilized, there are some indications that it is still rising at a steady pace in Latin America.

Despite progress in segregating (分开) nonsmokers and smokers, most countries see little change in the number of smokers. In fact, there is a jump in the number of girls and young women starting to smoke.

So far, any cooperation between tobacco interests and governments' campaigns against smoking has been in the area of tobacco advertising.

Restrictions on cigarette ads, plus health warnings on packages and bans on public smoking in certain places, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of nonsmokers or in curbing (抑制) smoking.

But world attention also is focusing on other steps which will:

-- Prevent pro-smoking scenes on TV and films.

-- Remove cigarette vending machines.

-- Make it illegal to sell or hand over tobacco products to minors.

-- Boost cigarette prices with higher tobacco taxes.

When you are traveling around the world, you will find that ______.

A．the topic of nonsmokers' rights is a hot issue for discussion

B．the expression "Don't puff on me" is posted everywhere

C．few countries pay attention to nonsmokers' rights

D．smokers are forced to give up smoking to keep the air clean

rate of 7%, and is in the middle of the largest peacetime expansion in American history. We read in the newspapers that practically everyone who wants a job can get one. Microsoft is running advertisements in the New York Times practically begging Congress to issue more visas for foreign computer and information technology workers.

In this environment, it is shocking that one group of Americans, people with disabilities, have such a high level of unemployment: 30% are not employed the same percentage as when the Americans with Disabilities Act became law. Not only did their employment and labor earnings fall during the recession of the early 1990s, but employment and earnings continued to fall during the long economic expansion that followed. Many of these people are skilled professionals who are highly marketable in today's economy.

Part of the problem is discrimination, and part recent court rulings favoring employers in ADA lawsuits. Discrimination against people with disabilities is, unfortunately, alive and well, despite the legal prohibitions against discrimination in hiring people with disabilities. 79% of disabled people who are unemployed cite discrimination in the workplace and lack of transportation as major factors that prevent them from working. Studies have also shown that people with disabilities who find jobs earn less than their co-workers, and are less likely to be promoted.

Unfavorable court rulings have not been helpful, either. Research by law professor Ruth Colker of Ohio State University has shown that in the eight years after the ADA went into effect, employer-defendants prevailed in more than 93% of the eases decided by trial. Of the cases appealed, employers prevailed 84% of the time. Robert Burgdorf, Ir., who helped draft the ADA, has written, "legal analysis has proceeded quite a way down the wrong road". Disability activists and other legal scholars point out that Congress intended the ADA as a national mandate for the ending of discrimination against people-with disabilities. Instead, what has occurred, in the words of one writer, is that the courts "have narrowed the scope of the law, redefined 'disability,' raised the price of access to justice and generally deemed disability discrimination as not worthy of serious remedy".

But perhaps the greatest single problem is the federal government itself, where laws and regulations designed to help disabled people actually provide an economic disincentive to work. As Sen. Edward Kennedy wrote, "the high unemployment rate among people receiving federal disability benefits is not because their federal benefits programs have 'front doors that are too big', but because they have 'back doors that are too small'".

The advertisement made by Microsoft shows that _____.

A．a great number of jobs have been created in the U.S..

B．foreign workers are favored over domestic workers.

C．working visa is very hard to be issued to foreign workers.

D．many domestic workers will lose their jobs to foreigners.

m 18 to 21. The measure is part of a larger package of laws aimed at reducing tobacco use. If Gover-nor Jerry Brown signs the bill, California will become the second state, after Hawaii, to raise the age limit for buying cigarettes and other tobacco products. More than 100 cities in the U. S., inclu-ding New York and Boston, have already raised the age limit.

A week ago, the Caiifomia Assembly approved the measure, which--in addition to raising the age limit--treats electronic cigarettes the same as tobacco products, expands smoke-free areas, in-creases smoking bans and allows counties to collect higher taxes on cigarettes than the 87-cent per pack state tax. The Assembly&39; s vote came a few days after the city of San Francisco increased the age to buy tobacco products to 21.

California lawmakers passed the bill despite lobbying (游说)from tobacco interests. The meas-ure also faced opposition from many Republicans, who said the state should not be involved in po-licing people&39; s personal choices. "I don&39; t smoke. I don&39; t encourage my children to," said Re-publican Assemblyman Donald Wagner. "But they&39; re adults, and it&39; s our job to treat our citizens as adults. "

But supporters of the bill say raising the age to 21 moves legally purchased tobacco that much farther from younger kids. " This will save the medical system millions of dollars," said Democratic Assemblyman Jim Wood. (76 ) "It will save thousands of lives. " A 2015 study by the Institute of Medicine "found that if the minimum legal age to buy tobacco were raised to 21 nation-wide, tobacco use would drop by 12 percent by the time today&39; s teens reached adulthood. In addi-tion, there would be 223,000 fewer premature (过早的) deaths and 50,000 fewer deaths from lung cancer. "

Which of the following is the first state to raise smoking age to 21？

A.California

B.Hawaii

C.New York.

D.Washington.

The California law includes all the following measures EXCEPT__________.A.enlarging no-smoking areas

B.allowing counties to collect higher taxes on cigarettes

C.increasing smoking bans

D.punishing parents who encourage their children to smoke

The word policing in Paragraph 3 probably means__________.A.enriching

B.controlling

C.understanding

D.protecting

Who is against the bill？A.Governor Jerry Brown.

B.Assemblyman Donald Wagner.

C.Assemblyman Jim Wood

E.The mayor of San Francisco.

Which of the following is an appropriate title for the passage？A.Calitbrnia Lawmakers Vote to Raise Smoking Age to 21

B.San Francisco Increased the Age to Buy Tobacco Products to 21

C.Hawaii Has Already Raised the Age Limit to Buy Tobacco

D.A California Bill Faces Opposition from Many Republicans

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

s. ()

laws of the state should be changed if they don’t agree with the federal laws. ()

In the United States, Congress makes the laws and the President _______ them.

A、orders

B、conquers

C、executes

D、hedges