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Text 3
Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” -- the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”
Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.
The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events -- until, it appears, we begin to dream.
And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we waken up in a panic,” Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep -- or rather dream -- on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.
31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.
[A] can be modified in their courses
[B] are susceptible to emotional changes
[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears
[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs
更多“Text 3 Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our”相关的问题
第1题
设组合框Combol中有3个列表项，为了删除其最后一项，应使用的语句是______。
A．Combol.RemoveItem Combo1. ListCount
B．Combol.RemoveItem 3
C．Combol.RemoveItem Combol. ListCount-1
D．Combol.RemoveItem Combol. Text
第2题
Private Sub Command1_Click()
CommonDialog1.Filter = "All Files (*.*)|*.*|Text Files" & _
"(*.txt)|*.txt| Executable Files(*.exe)|*.exe"
CommonDialog1.FilterIndex = 3
CommonDialog1.ShowOpen
MsgBox CommonDialog1.FileName
End Sub
程序运行后，单击命令按钮，将显示一个 “ 打开 ” 对话框，此时在 “ 文件类型 ” 框中显示的是
A ） All Files(*.*)
B ） Text Files(*.txt)
C ） Executable Files(*.exe)
D ） 不确定
第3题
Private Sub Command1_Click（）
CommonDialog1.Filter="All Files（*.*）|*.*Text Files"&_
"（*.txt）|*.txt| Executable Files（*.exe）|*.exe"
CommonDialog1.Filterindex=3
CommonDialog1.Show Open
MsgBox CommonDialog1.FileName
End Sub
程序运行后，单击命令按钮，将显示一个“打开”对话框，此时在“文件类型”框中显示的是（）。 A．All Files（*.*）
B．Text files（*.txt）
C．Executable Files（*.ext）
D．不确定
第4题
在窗体上画一个通用对话框，其名称为CommonDialog1，然后画一个命令按钮，并编写如下事件过程： Private Sub Command1_Click() CommonDialog1.Filter="All Files(*.*)|*.*|Text Files"&_ "(*.txt)|*.txt|Executable Files(*.exe)|*.exe" CommonDialog1.FilterIndex=3 CommonDialog1.ShowOpen MsgBox CommonDialog1.FileName End Sub 程序运行后，单击命令按钮，将显示一个“打开”对话框，此时在“文件类型”框中显示的是______。
A．AllFiles(*.*)
B．Text Files(*.txt)
C．Executable Files(*.exe)
D．不确定
第5题
第8题
When making citations at the end of a text, which lines must be indented？
A、All lines except the first line
B、All lines except the last line
C、The first line
D、The second line
第9题
A.Exemplification
B.Definition
C.comparison and contrast
D.All of the abov
E.
第10题
A.25 percent
B.37 percent
C.45 percent
D.57 percent
E.75 percent
第11题
3 The directors of The Healthy Eating Group (HEG), a successful restaurant chain, which commenced trading in 1998,
have decided to enter the sandwich market in Homeland, its country of operation. It has set up a separate operation
under the name of Healthy Sandwiches Co (HSC). A management team for HSC has been recruited via a recruitment
consultancy which specialises in food sector appointments. Homeland has very high unemployment and the vast
majority of its workforce has no experience in a food manufacturing environment. HSC will commence trading on
1 January 2008.
The following information is available:
(1) HSC has agreed to make and supply sandwiches to agreed recipes for the Superior Food Group (SFG) which
owns a chain of supermarkets in all towns and cities within Homeland. SFG insists that it selects the suppliers
of the ingredients that are used in making the sandwiches it sells and therefore HSC would be unable to reduce
the costs of the ingredients used in the sandwiches. HSC will be the sole supplier for SFG.
(2) The number of sandwiches sold per year in Homeland is 625 million. SFG has a market share of 4%.
(3) The average selling price of all sandwiches sold by SFG is $2·40. SFG wishes to make a mark-up of 331/3% on
all sandwiches sold. 90% of all sandwiches sold by SFG are sold before 2 pm each day. The majority of the
remaining 10% are sold after 8 pm. It is the intention that all sandwiches are sold on the day that they are
delivered into SFG’s supermarkets.
(4) The finance director of HSC has estimated that the average cost of ingredients per sandwich is $0·70. All
sandwiches are made by hand.
(5) Packaging and labelling costs amount to $0·15 per sandwich.
(6) Fixed overheads have been estimated to amount to $5,401,000 per annum. Note that fixed overheads include
all wages and salaries costs as all employees are subject to fixed term employment contracts.
(7) Distribution costs are expected to amount to 8% of HSC’s revenue.
(8) The finance director of HSC has stated that he believes the target sales margin of 32% can be achieved, although
he is concerned about the effect that an increase in the cost of all ingredients would have on the forecast profits
(assuming that all other revenue/cost data remains unchanged).
(9) The existing management information system of HEG was purchased at the time that HEG commenced trading.
The directors are now considering investing in an enterprise resource planning system (ERPS).
Required:
(a) Using only the above information, show how the finance director of HSC reached his conclusion regarding
the expected sales margin and also state whether he was correct to be concerned about an increase in the
price of ingredients. (5 marks)
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